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Image encoders, a fundamental component of vision-language models (VLMs), are typically pretrained independently before being aligned with a language model. This standard paradigm results in encoders that process images agnostically,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Raghuveer Thirukovalluru , Xiaochuang Han , Bhuwan Dhingra , Emily Dinan , Maha Elbayad

Dynamic scenes contain intricate spatio-temporal information, crucial for mobile robots, UAVs, and autonomous driving systems to make informed decisions. Parsing these scenes into semantic triplets <Subject-Predicate-Object> for accurate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Hang Zhang , Zhuoling Li , Jun Liu

We present Perceive Anything Model (PAM), a conceptually straightforward and efficient framework for comprehensive region-level visual understanding in images and videos. Our approach extends the powerful segmentation model SAM 2 by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Weifeng Lin , Xinyu Wei , Ruichuan An , Tianhe Ren , Tingwei Chen , Renrui Zhang , Ziyu Guo , Wentao Zhang , Lei Zhang , Hongsheng Li

Large language models excel at a wide range of complex tasks. However, enabling general inference in the real world, e.g., for robotics problems, raises the challenge of grounding. We propose embodied language models to directly incorporate…

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a powerful unsupervised method for extracting sparse representations from language models, yet scalable training remains a significant challenge. We introduce a suite of 256 SAEs, trained on each…

Understanding how different AI models encode the same high-level concepts, such as objects or attributes, remains challenging because each model typically produces its own isolated representation. Existing interpretability methods like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ali Nasiri-Sarvi , Hassan Rivaz , Mahdi S. Hosseini

Semantic image synthesis is a process for generating photorealistic images from a single semantic mask. To enrich the diversity of multimodal image synthesis, previous methods have controlled the global appearance of an output image by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Yuki Endo , Yoshihiro Kanamori

The development of robust and generalisable models for encoding the spatio-temporal dynamics of human brain activity is crucial for advancing neuroscientific discoveries. However, significant individual variation in the organisation of the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-12 Simon Dahan , Logan Z. J. Williams , Yourong Guo , Daniel Rueckert , Emma C. Robinson

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as powerful techniques for interpretability of large language models (LLMs), aiming to decompose hidden states into meaningful semantic features. While several SAE variants have been proposed, there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Xudong Zhu , Mohammad Mahdi Khalili , Zhihui Zhu

Autonomous robotic systems require spatio-temporal understanding of dynamic environments to ensure reliable navigation and interaction. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) provide open-world semantic priors, they lack grounding in 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Tin Stribor Sohn , Maximilian Dillitzer , Jason J. Corso , Eric Sax

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) provide potentials for uncovering structured, human-interpretable representations in Large Language Models (LLMs), making them a crucial tool for transparent and controllable AI systems. We systematically analyze…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jack Gallifant , Shan Chen , Kuleen Sasse , Hugo Aerts , Thomas Hartvigsen , Danielle S. Bitterman

Understanding the internal representations of large language models (LLMs) remains a central challenge for interpretability research. Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) offer a promising solution by decomposing activations into interpretable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yifei Yao , Mengnan Du

Decoding visual experience from brain signals offers exciting possibilities for neuroscience and interpretable AI. While EEG is accessible and temporally precise, its limitations in spatial detail hinder image reconstruction. Our model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Arshak Rezvani , Ali Akbari , Kosar Sanjar Arani , Maryam Mirian , Emad Arasteh , Martin J. McKeown

Vision-language Models (VLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in advancing general artificial intelligence, yet the irrational encoding of visual positions persists in inhibiting the models' comprehensive perception performance across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Zhanpeng Chen , Mingxiao Li , Ziyang Chen , Nan Du , Xiaolong Li , Yuexian Zou

The visual understanding are often approached from 3 granular levels: image, patch and pixel. Visual Tokenization, trained by self-supervised reconstructive learning, compresses visual data by codebook in patch-level with marginal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Jianyu Zhang , Li Zhang , Shijian Li

The recent prevalence of pretrained language models (PLMs) has dramatically shifted the paradigm of semantic parsing, where the mapping from natural language utterances to structured logical forms is now formulated as a Seq2Seq task.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Lunyiu Nie , Jiuding Sun , Yanlin Wang , Lun Du , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li , Shi Han , Dongmei Zhang , Jidong Zhai

Effective multimodal reasoning depends on the alignment of visual and linguistic representations, yet the mechanisms by which vision-language models (VLMs) achieve this alignment remain poorly understood. Following the LiMBeR framework, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Constantin Venhoff , Ashkan Khakzar , Sonia Joseph , Philip Torr , Neel Nanda

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) offer a natural path toward comparable explanations across different representation spaces. However, current SAEs are trained per modality, producing dictionaries whose features are not directly understandable and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Difei Gu , Yunhe Gao , Gerasimos Chatzoudis , Zihan Dong , Guoning Zhang , Bangwei Guo , Yang Zhou , Mu Zhou , Dimitris Metaxas

Scale-space representation has been popular in computer vision community due to its theoretical foundation. The motivation for generating a scale-space representation of a given data set originates from the basic observation that real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Qilu Zhao , Zongmin Li

While large language models provide strong compositional reasoning, existing reasoning segmentation pipelines fail to transparently connect this reasoning to visual perception. Current methods, such as latent query alignment, are end-to-end…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Zhenyu Lu , Liupeng Li , Jinpeng Wang , Haoqian Kang , Yan Feng , Ke Chen , Yaowei Wang