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Counterfactual quantum cryptography (CQC) is used here as a tool to assess the status of the quantum state: Is it real/ontic (an objective state of Nature) or epistemic (a state of the observer's knowledge)? In contrast to recent approaches…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-08 Akshata Shenoy H. , R. Srikanth

Robert Griffiths has recently addressed, within the framework of a 'consistent quantum theory' that he has developed, the issue of whether, as is often claimed, quantum mechanics entails a need for faster-than-light transfers of information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 Henry P. Stapp

We analyze the significance for quantum key distribution (QKD) of free-space quantum communications results reported in a recent paper (J. C. Bienfang et al., quant-ph/0405097, hereafter referred to as "Bienfang et al."), who contrast the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Richard J. Hughes , Jane E. Nordholt

It is proposed that the recent controversy over "time-symmetric quantum counterfactuals" (TSQCs), based on the Aharonov-Bergmann-Lebowitz Rule for measurements of pre- and post-selected systems, can be clarified by taking TSQCs to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-24 Ruth E. Kastner

We propose an experimental realisation of the protocol for the counterfactual disembodied transport of an unknown qubit -- or what we call counterportation -- where sender and receiver, remarkably, exchange no particles. We employ cavity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-07 Hatim Salih

We devised a protocol that allows two parties, who may malfunction or intentionally convey incorrect information in communication through a quantum channel, to verify each other's measurements and agree on each other's results. This has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-07 Kazuki Ikeda , Adam Lowe

Quantum communication addresses the problem of exchanging information across macroscopic distances by employing encryption techniques based on quantum mechanical laws. Here, we advance a new paradigm for secure quantum communication by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-19 R. Di Candia , H. Yiğitler , G. S. Paraoanu , R. Jäntti

In standard communication information is carried by particles or waves. Counterintuitively, in counterfactual communication particles and information can travel in opposite directions. The quantum Zeno effect allows Bob to transmit a…

We first consider quantum communication protocols between a sender Alice and a receiver Bob, which transfer Alice's quantum information to Bob by means of non-local resources, such as classical communication, quantum communication, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-07 Yonghae Lee , Soojoon Lee

We demonstrate quantum information can be transferred between two distant participants without any physical particles travelling between them. The key procedure of the counterfactual scheme is to entangle two nonlocal qubits with each other…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-28 Qi Guo , Liu-Yong Cheng , Li Chen , Hong-Fu Wang , Shou Zhang

We generalize a quantum communication protocol introduced by Bartlett et al. [New. J. Phys. 11, 063013 (2009)] in which two parties communicating do not share a classical reference frame, to the case where changes of their reference frames…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-15 Alexander R. H. Smith

This paper presents an epistemological perspective on quantum communication between parties that highlights the choices that must be made in order to send and obtain information. The notion of information obtained in such a communication is…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-07-22 Subhash Kak

A two-layer quantum protocol for secure transmission of data using qubits is presented. The protocol is an improvement over the BB84 QKD protocol. BB84, in conjunction with the one-time pad algorithm, has been shown to be unconditionally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-03 Saied Hosseini-Khayat , Iman Marvian

A correlation measure relating to measured and unmeasured local quantities in quantum mechanics is introduced, and is then applied to assess the locality implications for Bell/CHSH and similar set-ups. This leads to some interesting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-20 Oliver Cohen

Counterfactual quantum communication is unique in its own way that allows remote parties to transfer information without sending any message carrier in the channel. Although no message carrier travels in the channel at the time of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-11 Fakhar Zaman , Kyesan Lee , Hyundong Shin

We revisit the "counterfactual quantum communication" of Salih et al. [1], who claim that an observer "Bob" can send one bit of information to a second observer "Alice" without any physical particle traveling between them. We show that a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-03 Yakir Aharonov , Daniel Rohrlich

We investigate two senders and one receiver multiparty communication scenario. Following Phys.Rev.A83, 062112 and arXiv : 2506.07699, we study multiparty communication bounded by dimension and distinguishability. We provide an explicit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-08 Ankush Pandit

In this paper, a quantum version of classical alternating bit protocol is proposed. This protocol provides a reliable method to transmit the secret quantum data via a noisy quantum channel while the entanglement between particles is not…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-06-02 Hadi Farahani

There is a trend to consider counterfactuals as invariably time-asymmetric. Recently, this trend manifested itself in the controversy about validity of counterfactual application of a time-symmetric quantum probability rule. Kastner (2003)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-27 Lev Vaidman

Quantum communication has been leading the way of many remarkable theoretical results and experimental tests in physics. In this context, quantum communication complexity (QCC) has recently drawn earnest research attention as a tool to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-11 Hipólito Gómez-Sousa