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Safely deploying machine learning models to the real world is often a challenging process. Models trained with data obtained from a specific geographic location tend to fail when queried with data obtained elsewhere, agents trained in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Marco Federici , Ryota Tomioka , Patrick Forré

Empirical risk minimization often performs poorly when the distribution of the target domain differs from those of source domains. To address such potential distribution shifts, we develop an unsupervised domain adaptation approach that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-25 Zhenyu Wang , Peter Bühlmann , Zijian Guo

In studies ranging from clinical medicine to policy research, complete data are usually available from a population $\mathscr{P}$, but the quantity of interest is often sought for a related but different population $\mathscr{Q}$ which only…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-11 Seong-ho Lee , Yanyuan Ma , Jiwei Zhao

Causal inference across multiple data sources offers a promising avenue to enhance the generalizability and replicability of scientific findings. However, data integration methods for time-to-event outcomes, common in biomedical research,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-16 Yi Liu , Alexander W. Levis , Ke Zhu , Shu Yang , Peter B. Gilbert , Larry Han

We propose a semiparametric data fusion framework for efficient inference on survival probabilities by integrating right-censored and current status data. Existing data fusion methods focus largely on fusing right-censored data only, while…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-15 Xiudi Li , Sijia Li

The accelerated failure time (AFT) model is widely used to analyze relationships between variables in the presence of censored observations. However, this model relies on some assumptions such as the error distribution, which can lead to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-10 Sangkon Oh , Hyunjae Lee , Sangwook Kang , Byungtae Seo

In uses of pre-trained machine learning models, it is a known issue that the target population in which the model is being deployed may not have been reflected in the source population with which the model was trained. This can result in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Jose M. Alvarez , Kristen M. Scott , Salvatore Ruggieri , Bettina Berendt

We study the open-set label shift problem, where the test data may include a novel class absent from training. This setting is challenging because both the class proportions and the distribution of the novel class are not identifiable…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-19 Siyan Liu , Yukun Liu , Qinglong Tian , Pengfei Li , Jing Qin

Semiparametric accelerated failure time (AFT) models directly relate the predicted failure times to covariates and are a useful alternative to models that work on the hazard function or the survival function. For case-cohort data, much less…

Computation · Statistics 2022-12-15 Steven Chiou , Sangwook Kang , Jun Yan

We introduce a distributionally robust approach that enhances the reliability of offline policy evaluation in contextual bandits under general covariate shifts. Our method aims to deliver robust policy evaluation results in the presence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Yihong Guo , Hao Liu , Yisong Yue , Anqi Liu

Most machine learning models for predicting clinical outcomes are developed using historical data. Yet, even if these models are deployed in the near future, dataset shift over time may result in less than ideal performance. To capture this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Christina X Ji , Ahmed M Alaa , David Sontag

The most recent multi-source covariate shift algorithm is an efficient hyperparameter optimization algorithm for missing target output. In this paper, we extend this algorithm to the framework of federated learning. For data islands in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-01 Yaqian Xu , Wenquan Cui , Jianjun Xu , Haoyang Cheng

In many practical few-shot learning problems, even though labeled examples are scarce, there are abundant auxiliary datasets that potentially contain useful information. We propose the problem of extended few-shot learning to study these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Reza Esfandiarpoor , Amy Pu , Mohsen Hajabdollahi , Stephen H. Bach

Investigation of machine learning algorithms robust to changes between the training and test distributions is an active area of research. In this paper we explore a special type of dataset shift which we call class-dependent domain shift.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Tigran Galstyan , Hrant Khachatrian , Greg Ver Steeg , Aram Galstyan

Efficient and scalable non-parametric or semi-parametric regression analysis and density estimation are of crucial importance to the fields of statistics and machine learning. However, available methods are limited in their ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Zeyu Ding , Katja Ickstadt , Nadja Klein , Alexander Munteanu , Simon Omlor

Robust Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) address environmental shift through distributionally robust optimization (DRO) by finding an optimal worst-case policy within an uncertainty set of transition kernels. However, standard DRO approaches…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-10 Akram S. Awad , Shihab Ahmed , Yue Wang , George K. Atia

Machine learning models are often brittle on production data despite achieving high accuracy on benchmark datasets. Benchmark datasets have traditionally served dual purposes: first, benchmarks offer a standard on which machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Matthew Groh

Consider a semi-supervised setting with a labeled dataset of binary responses and predictors and an unlabeled dataset with only the predictors. Logistic regression is equivalent to an exponential tilt model in the labeled population. For…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-16 Ye Tian , Xinwei Zhang , Zhiqiang Tan

As the volume of data continues to expand, it becomes increasingly common for data to be aggregated from multiple sources. Leveraging multiple sources for model training typically achieves better predictive performance on test datasets.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-05 Congbin Xu , Chengde Qian , Zhaojun Wang , Changliang Zou

Despite empirical risk minimization (ERM) is widely applied in the machine learning community, its performance is limited on data with spurious correlation or subpopulation that is introduced by hidden attributes. Existing literature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Hongyu Shen , Zhizhen Zhao