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Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has advanced rapidly in the last decade thanks to the ability to correct the major aberrations of the probe forming lens. Now atomic-sized beams are routine, even at accelerating voltages as…

Diffusion models have recently gained prominence as powerful deep generative models, demonstrating unmatched performance across various domains. However, their potential in multi-sensor fusion remains largely unexplored. In this work, we…

Precise and accurate determination of crystallographic orientation is crucial for engineering van der Waals heterostructures, where the twist angle between layers controls emergent electronic and optical properties. While Electron…

We develop a mathematical framework to analyze electrochemical impedance spectra in terms of a distribution of diffusion times (DDT) for a parallel array of random finite-length Warburg (diffusion) or Gerischer (reaction-diffusion) circuit…

Polycrystalline materials have numerous applications due to their unique properties, which are often determined by the grain boundaries. Hence, quantitative characterization of grain as well as interface orientation is essential to optimize…

Optical spectroscopy techniques such as differential reflectance and transmittance have proven to be very powerful techniques to study 2D materials. However, a thorough description of the experimental setups needed to carry out these…

The development of four-dimensional (4D) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) using fast detectors has opened-up new avenues for addressing some of long-standing challenges in electron imaging. One of these challenges is how to…

Dark Field X-ray Microscopy (DFXM) has advanced 3D non-destructive, high-resolution imaging of strain and orientation in crystalline materials, enabling the study of embedded structures in bulk. However, the photon-intensive nature of…

High-energy X-ray diffraction methods can non-destructively map the 3D microstructure and associated attributes of metallic polycrystalline engineering materials in their bulk form. These methods are often combined with external stimuli…

Detail features of magnetic resonance images play a cru-cial role in accurate medical diagnosis and treatment, as they capture subtle changes that pose challenges for doc-tors when performing precise judgments. However, the widely utilized…

Probabilistic denoising diffusion models (DDMs) have set a new standard for 2D image generation. Extending DDMs for 3D content creation is an active field of research. Here, we propose TetraDiffusion, a diffusion model that operates on a…

Crystalline materials used in technological applications are often complex assemblies composed of multiple phases and differently oriented grains. Robust identification of the phases and orientation relationships from these samples is…

While electron microscopy offers crucial atomic-resolution insights into structure-property relationships, radiation damage severely limits its use on beam-sensitive materials like proteins and 2D materials. To overcome this challenge, we…

Serial electron diffraction (SerialED) is an emerging technique, which applies the snapshot data-collection mode of serial X-ray crystallography to three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED), forgoing the conventional rotation method.…

Ultrafast measurement technology provides essential contributions to our microscopic understanding of the properties and functions of solids and nanostructures. Atomic-scale vistas with ever-growing spatial and temporal resolution are…

We report 3D coherent diffractive imaging of Au/Pd core-shell nanoparticles with 6 nm resolution on 5-6 femtosecond timescales. We measured single-shot diffraction patterns of core-shell nanoparticles using very intense and short x-ray free…

Dark-field x-ray microscopy utilizes Bragg diffraction to collect full-field x-ray images of "mesoscale" structure of ordered materials. Information regarding the structural heterogeneities and their physical implications is gleaned through…

In materials science, microstructures and their associated extrinsic properties are critical for engineering advanced structural and functional materials, yet their robust reconstruction and generation remain significant challenges. In this…

Development in lattice strain mapping using four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) method now offers improved precision and feasibility. However, automatic and accurate diffraction analysis is still challenging…

The interaction of high-energy electrons and X-ray photons with soft semiconductors such as halide perovskites is essential for the characterisation and understanding of these optoelectronic materials. Using nano-probe diffraction…