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Discriminativeness is a desirable feature of image captions: captions should describe the characteristic details of input images. However, recent high-performing captioning models, which are trained with reinforcement learning (RL), tend to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Ukyo Honda , Taro Watanabe , Yuji Matsumoto

Self-supervised learning (SSL) methods targeting scene images have seen a rapid growth recently, and they mostly rely on either a dedicated dense matching mechanism or a costly unsupervised object discovery module. This paper shows that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Ke Zhu , Minghao Fu , Jianxin Wu

Automatically generating a human-like description for a given image is a potential research in artificial intelligence, which has attracted a great of attention recently. Most of the existing attention methods explore the mapping…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Feicheng Huang , Zhixin Li , Haiyang Wei , Canlong Zhang , Huifang Ma

Multi-label learning (MLL) learns from the examples each associated with multiple labels simultaneously, where the high cost of annotating all relevant labels for each training example is challenging for real-world applications. To cope…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Ning Xu , Congyu Qiao , Jiaqi Lv , Xin Geng , Min-Ling Zhang

Image captioning is a task in the field of Artificial Intelligence that merges between computer vision and natural language processing. It is responsible for generating legends that describe images, and has various applications like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Ahmed Elhagry , Karima Kadaoui

Most attention-based image captioning models attend to the image once per word. However, attending once per word is rigid and is easy to miss some information. Attending more times can adjust the attention position, find the missing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Jiajun Du , Yu Qin , Hongtao Lu , Yonghua Zhang

We revisit language bottleneck models as an approach to ensuring the explainability of deep learning models for image classification. Because of inevitable information loss incurred in the step of converting images into language, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Honori Udo , Takafumi Koshinaka

It has been a longstanding goal within image captioning to move beyond a dependence on object detection. We investigate using superpixels coupled with Vision Language Models (VLMs) to bridge the gap between detector-based captioning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Henry Senior , Luca Rossi , Gregory Slabaugh , Shanxin Yuan

Image captioning has long been regarded as a fundamental task in visual understanding. Recently, however, few large vision-language model (LVLM) research discusses model's image captioning performance because of the outdated short-caption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Hongyuan Dong , Jiawen Li , Bohong Wu , Jiacong Wang , Yuan Zhang , Haoyuan Guo

Over the years, state-of-the-art (SoTA) image captioning methods have achieved promising results on some evaluation metrics (e.g., CIDEr). However, recent findings show that the captions generated by these methods tend to be biased toward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Qi Chen , Chaorui Deng , Qi Wu

Recent breakthroughs in semi-supervised semantic segmentation have been developed through contrastive learning. In prevalent pixel-wise contrastive learning solutions, the model maps pixels to deterministic representations and regularizes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Haoyu Xie , Changqi Wang , Mingkai Zheng , Minjing Dong , Shan You , Chong Fu , Chang Xu

An image captioning model flexibly switching its language pattern, e.g., descriptiveness and length, should be useful since it can be applied to diverse applications. However, despite the dramatic improvement in generative vision-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Kuniaki Saito , Donghyun Kim , Kwanyong Park , Atsushi Hashimoto , Yoshitaka Ushiku

Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in tasks requiring a fine-grained understanding of literal meaning in images and text, such as visual question-answering or visual entailment. However, there has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Arkadiy Saakyan , Shreyas Kulkarni , Tuhin Chakrabarty , Smaranda Muresan

Constructing an organized dataset comprised of a large number of images and several captions for each image is a laborious task, which requires vast human effort. On the other hand, collecting a large number of images and sentences…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Dong-Jin Kim , Jinsoo Choi , Tae-Hyun Oh , In So Kweon

Image-text matching has been a hot research topic bridging the vision and language areas. It remains challenging because the current representation of image usually lacks global semantic concepts as in its corresponding text caption. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Kunpeng Li , Yulun Zhang , Kai Li , Yuanyuan Li , Yun Fu

The evaluation of image captions, looking at both linguistic fluency and semantic correspondence to visual contents, has witnessed a significant effort. Still, despite advancements such as the CLIPScore metric, multilingual captioning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Gonçalo Gomes , Chrysoula Zerva , Bruno Martins

Transfer learning from large-scale pre-trained models has become essential for many computer vision tasks. Recent studies have shown that datasets like ImageNet are weakly labeled since images with multiple object classes present are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Sai Rajeswar , Pau Rodriguez , Soumye Singhal , David Vazquez , Aaron Courville

Ambiguity poses persistent challenges in natural language understanding for large language models (LLMs). To better understand how lexical ambiguity can be resolved through the visual domain, we develop an interpretable Visual Word Sense…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Shamik Bhattacharya , Daniel Perkins , Yaren Dogan , Vineeth Konjeti , Sudarshan Srinivasan , Edmon Begoli

Although CLIPScore is a powerful generic metric that captures the similarity between a text and an image, it fails to distinguish between a caption that is meant to complement the information in an image and a description that is meant to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Amir Zur , Elisa Kreiss , Karel D'Oosterlinck , Christopher Potts , Atticus Geiger

Automatically evaluating the quality of image captions can be very challenging since human language is quite flexible that there can be various expressions for the same meaning. Most of the current captioning metrics rely on token level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Chao Zeng , Tiesong Zhao , Sam Kwong