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In this paper we conduct a systematic study of the granularity of the initial state of hot and dense QCD matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions and its influence on bulk observables like particle yields, $m_T$ spectra…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-03-18 Hannah Petersen , Christopher Coleman-Smith , Steffen A. Bass , Robert Wolpert

So far a major source of uncertainty in the study of heavy-ion collisions arises from the early time dynamics which includes initial state and pre-equilibrium dynamics. The state-of-the-art framework, KoMPoST, employs non-equilibrium…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-22 Xiaojian Du , Sören Schlichting , Jie Zhu

We present the first comparisons of experimental data with phenomenological results from 3+1d quasiparticle anisotropic hydrodynamics (aHydroQP). We compare charged-hadron multiplicity, identified-particle spectra, identified-particle…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-08-02 Mubarak Alqahtani , Mohammad Nopoush , Radoslaw Ryblewski , Michael Strickland

We develop a 1+1 dimensional hydrodynamical model for central heavy-ion collisions at ultrarelativistic energies. Deviations from Bjorken's scaling are taken into account by implementing finite-size profiles for the initial energy density.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 L. M. Satarov , I. N. Mishustin , A. V. Merdeev , H. Stoecker

I review recent developments in the field of relativistic hydrodynamics and its application to the bulk dynamics in heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy- Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In particular, I…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-05-28 Bjoern Schenke

A key ingredient of hydrodynamical modeling of relativistic heavy ion collisions is thermal initial conditions, an input that is the consequence of a pre-thermal dynamics which is not completely understood yet. In the paper we employ a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-01-22 V. Yu. Naboka , S. V. Akkelin , Iu. A. Karpenko , Yu. M. Sinyukov

We carry out a combined analysis of elliptic and triangular flow data using viscous relativistic hydrodynamics. We show that these data allow to put tight constraints on models of the early dynamics of a nucleus-nucleus collision.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-01-10 Ekaterina Retinskaya , Matthew Luzum , Jean-Yves Ollitrault

A 1+1 dimensional hydrodynamical model in the light-cone coordinates is used to describe central heavy-ion collisions at ultrarelativistic bombarding energies. Deviations from Bjorken's scaling are taken into account by choosing finite-size…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 L. M. Satarov , I. N. Mishustin , A. V. Merdeev , H. Stoecker

Recent results in d+Au and p+Pb collisions at RHIC and the LHC provide evidence for collective expansion and flow of the created medium. We propose a control set of experiments to directly compare particle emission patterns from p+Au, d+Au,…

Transverse momentum spectra of identified particles produced in heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider are described with relativistic fluid dynamics. We perform a systematic comparison of experimental data for pions, kaons and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-06-18 D. Devetak , A. Dubla , S. Floerchinger , E. Grossi , S. Masciocchi , A. Mazeliauskas , I. Selyuzhenkov

Recent development of a hydrodynamic model is discussed by putting an emphasis on realistic treatment of the early and late stages in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The model, which incorporates a hydrodynamic description of the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Tetsufumi Hirano

We review our progress on 3+1D Glasma simulations to describe the earliest stages of heavy-ion collisions. In our simulations we include nuclei with finite longitudinal extent and describe the collision process as well as the evolution of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-10-05 Andreas Ipp , David I. Müller

We introduce a combined fully three-dimensional macroscopic/microscopic transport approach employing relativistic 3D-hydrodynamics for the early, dense, deconfined stage of the reaction and a microscopic non-equilibrium model for the later…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Chiho Nonaka , Steffen A. Bass

The fluid-dynamical modeling of a nuclear collision at high energy usually starts shortly after the collision. A major source of uncertainty comes from the detailed modeling of the initial state. While the collision itself likely involves…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-04-16 Andreas Kirchner , Federica Capellino , Eduardo Grossi , Stefan Floerchinger

We present a fully three-dimensional initial state model for relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC Beam Energy Scan (BES) collision energies. The initial energy and net baryon density profiles are produced based on a classical string…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-11-30 Chun Shen , Björn Schenke

Recently formulated model of highly-anisotropic and strongly dissipative hydrodynamics is used in 3+1 dimensions to study behavior of matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We search for possible effects of the initial…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-06-22 Radoslaw Ryblewski , Wojciech Florkowski

The expansion of the fireball created in relativistic heavy ion collisions is described using the 3+1D hydrodynamical model. Experimentally observed transverse momentum spectra at different rapdities, elliptic flow and HBT correlations of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-20 Piotr Bozek , Iwona Wyskiel

It has been over a decade since the first experimental data from gold nuclei collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider suggested hydrodynamic behavior. While early ideal hydrodynamical models were surprisingly accurate in their…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-07-30 Joshua Vredevoogd

Recent theory progresses in (3+1)D dynamical descriptions of relativistic nuclear collisions at finite baryon density are reviewed. Heavy-ion collisions at different collision energies produce strongly coupled nuclear matter to probe the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-02-16 Chun Shen