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Logic Encryption is one of the most popular hardware security techniques which can prevent IP piracy and illegal IC overproduction. It introduces obfuscation by inserting some extra hardware into a design to hide its functionality from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-17 Rajit Karmakar , Santanu Chatopadhyay , Rohit Kapur

Logic locking has emerged as a promising solution for protecting the semiconductor intellectual Property (IP) from the untrusted entities in the design and fabrication process. Logic locking hides the functionality of the IP by embedding…

Modern circuits face various threats like reverse engineering, theft of intellectual property (IP), side-channel attacks, etc. Here, we present a novel approach for IP protection based on logic encryption (LE). Unlike established schemes…

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has enabled the ability to effectively analyze and generate code nearly instantaneously, resulting in their widespread adoption in software development. Following this advancement,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Vasudev Gohil , Matthew DeLorenzo , Veera Vishwa Achuta Sai Venkat Nallam , Joey See , Jeyavijayan Rajendran

Intellectual Property (IP) infringement including piracy and over production have emerged as significant threats in the semiconductor supply chain. Key based obfuscation techniques (i.e., logic locking) are widely applied to secure legacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Sheikh Ariful Islam , Love Kumar Sah , Srinivas Katkoori

Integrated circuits (ICs) are the foundation of all computing systems. They comprise high-value hardware intellectual property (IP) that are at risk of piracy, reverse-engineering, and modifications while making their way through the…

Edge deployment of transformer-based models increasingly relies on ASIC accelerators due to their high performance and energy efficiency, achieved through optimized dataflows, specialized architectures, low-bitwidth computation, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Voktho Das , M Zafir Sadik Khan , Jafar Vafaei , Kimia Azar , Hadi Kamali

Trusted Platform Modules constitute an integral building block of modern security features. Moreover, as Windows 11 made a TPM 2.0 mandatory, they are subject to an ever-increasing academic challenge. While discrete TPMs - as found in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Hans Niklas Jacob , Christian Werling , Robert Buhren , Jean-Pierre Seifert

We introduce a protection-based IP security scheme to protect soft and firm IP cores which are used on FPGA devices. The scheme is based on Finite State Machin (FSM) obfuscation and exploits Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) for FPGA…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Farzane Khajuyi , Behnam Ghavami , Human Nikmehr

Cloud FPGAs strike an alluring balance between computational efficiency, energy efficiency, and cost. It is the flexibility of the FPGA architecture that enables these benefits, but that very same flexibility that exposes new security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Colin Drewes , Olivia Weng , Andres Meza , Alric Althoff , David Kohlbrenner , Ryan Kastner , Dustin Richmond

While logic locking has been extensively studied as a countermeasure against integrated circuit (IC) supply chain threats, recent research has shifted toward reconfigurable-based redaction techniques, e.g., LUT- and eFPGA-based schemes.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Voktho Das , Kimia Azar , Hadi Kamali

Internet of Things (IoT) devices sit at the intersection of unwieldy software complexity and unprecedented attacker access. This unique position comes with a daunting security challenge: how can I protect both proprietary code and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Prakhar Sah , Matthew Hicks

Logic locking refers to a set of techniques that can protect integrated circuits (ICs) from counterfeiting, piracy and malicious functionality changes by an untrusted foundry. It achieves these goals by introducing new inputs, called key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Deepak Sirone , Pramod Subramanyan

FPGAs are now ubiquitous in cloud computing infrastructures and reconfigurable system-on-chip, particularly for AI acceleration. Major cloud service providers such as Amazon and Microsoft are increasingly incorporating FPGAs for specialized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Jayeeta Chaudhuri , Hassan Nassar , Dennis R. E. Gnad , Jorg Henkel , Mehdi B. Tahoori , Krishnendu Chakrabarty

Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are known for their reprogrammability that allows for post-manufacture circuitry changes. Nowadays, they are integral to a variety of systems including high-security applications such as aerospace and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Endres Puschner , Maik Ender , Steffen Becker , Christof Paar

The threat of hardware reverse engineering is a growing concern for a large number of applications. A main defense strategy against reverse engineering is hardware obfuscation. In this paper, we investigate physical obfuscation techniques,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Arunkumar Vijayakumar , Vinay C. Patil , Daniel E. Holcomb , Christof Paar , Sandip Kundu

In recent years, quantum computing has started to demonstrate superior efficiency to classical computing. In quantum computing, quantum circuits that implement specific quantum algorithms are usually not directly executable on quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-19 Yuntao Liu , Jayden John , Qian Wang

Intellectual property (IP) piracy has become a non-negligible problem as the integrated circuit (IC) production supply chain is becoming increasingly globalized and separated that enables attacks by potentially untrusted attackers. Logic…

Processing sensitive data and deploying well-designed Intellectual Property (IP) cores on remote Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) are prone to private data leakage and IP theft. One effective solution is constructing Trusted Execution…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Yanling Wang , Xiaolin Chang , Haoran Zhu , Jianhua Wang , Yanwei Gong , Lin Li

In hardware implementation of a cryptographic algorithm, one may achieve leakage of secret information by creating scopes to introduce controlled faulty bit(s) even though the algorithm is mathematically a secured one. The technique is very…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-10-31 Rourab Paul , Amlan Chakrabarti , Ranjan Ghosh