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Disaggregated memory architectures provide benefits to applications beyond traditional scale out environments, such as independent scaling of compute and memory resources. They also provide an independent failure model, where computations…

Memory-centric computing aims to enable computation capability in and near all places where data is generated and stored. As such, it can greatly reduce the large negative performance and energy impact of data access and data movement, by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Onur Mutlu

Memory disaggregation has attracted great attention recently because of its benefits in efficient memory utilization and ease of management. So far, memory disaggregation research has all taken one of two approaches: building/emulating…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Zhiyuan Guo , Yizhou Shan , Xuhao Luo , Yutong Huang , Yiying Zhang

This paper reveals that locking can significantly degrade the performance of applications on disaggregated memory (DM), sometimes by several orders of magnitude, due to contention on the NICs of memory nodes (MN-NICs). To address this…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Hanze Zhang , Ke Cheng , Rong Chen , Xingda Wei , Haibo Chen

As the models and the datasets to train deep learning (DL) models scale, system architects are faced with new challenges, one of which is the memory capacity bottleneck, where the limited physical memory inside the accelerator device…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Youngeun Kwon , Minsoo Rhu

Hardware disaggregation seeks to transform Data Center (DC) resources from traditional server fleets into unified resource pools. Despite existing challenges that may hinder its full realization, significant progress has been made in both…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Chao Guo , Jiahe Xu , Moshe Zukerman

In the landscape of High-Performance Computing (HPC), the quest for efficient and scalable memory solutions remains paramount. The advent of Compute Express Link (CXL) introduces a promising avenue with its potential to function as a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Yehonatan Fridman , Suprasad Mutalik Desai , Navneet Singh , Thomas Willhalm , Gal Oren

This paper describes how to augment techniques such as Distributed Shared Memory with recent trends on disaggregated Non Volatile Memory in the data centre so that the combination can be used in an edge environment with potentially volatile…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Luis M Vaquero , Yehia Elkhatib , Felix Cuadrado

Memory disaggregation (MD) allows for scalable and elastic data center design by separating compute (CPU) from memory. With MD, compute and memory are no longer coupled into the same server box. Instead, they are connected to each other via…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Ruihong Wang , Jianguo Wang , Stratos Idreos , M. Tamer Özsu , Walid G. Aref

Memory latency, bandwidth, capacity, and energy increasingly limit performance. In this paper, we reconsider proposed system architectures that consist of huge (many-terabyte to petabyte scale) memories shared among large numbers of CPUs.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Samuel Dayo , Shuhan Liu , Peijing Li , Philip Levis , Subhasish Mitra , Thierry Tambe , David Tennenhouse , H. -S. Philip Wong

Disaggregated memory leverages recent technology advances in high-density, byte-addressable non-volatile memory and high-performance interconnects to provide a large memory pool shared across multiple compute nodes. Due to higher memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Haris Volos

The concept of memory disaggregation has recently been gaining traction in research. With memory disaggregation, data center compute nodes can directly access memory on adjacent nodes and are therefore able to overcome local memory…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Robin Abrahamse , Akos Hadnagy , Zaid Al-Ars

Byte-addressable persistent memory (B-APM) presents a new opportunity to bridge the performance gap between main memory and storage. In this paper, we present the usage scenarios for this new technology, based on the capabilities of Intel's…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Michele Weiland , Bernhard Homoelle

Datacenters of today have maintained the same architecture for decades using the server as the primary building block. However, this traditional approach suffers from under-utilization of its resources, often caused by over-allocating these…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Mohammad Ewais , Paul Chow

The Aurora supercomputer is an exascale-class system designed to tackle some of the most demanding computational workloads. Equipped with both High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) and DDR memory, it provides unique trade-offs in performance,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Huda Ibeid , Vikram Narayana , Jeongnim Kim , Anthony Nguyen , Vitali Morozov , Ye Luo

Disaggregated memory is an upcoming data center technology that will allow nodes (servers) to share data efficiently. Sharing data creates a debate on the level of cache coherence the system should provide. While current proposals aim to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Jaewan Hong , Marcos K. Aguilera , Emmanuel Amaro , Vincent Liu , Aurojit Panda , Ion Stoica

Over the last three decades, innovations in the memory subsystem were primarily targeted at overcoming the data movement bottleneck. In this paper, we focus on a specific market trend in memory technology: 3D-stacked memory and caches. We…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Jens Domke , Emil Vatai , Balazs Gerofi , Yuetsu Kodama , Mohamed Wahib , Artur Podobas , Sparsh Mittal , Miquel Pericàs , Lingqi Zhang , Peng Chen , Aleksandr Drozd , Satoshi Matsuoka

The rapid adoption of AI and convenience offered by cloud services have resulted in the growing demands for GPUs in the cloud. Generally, GPUs are physically attached to host servers as PCIe devices. However, the fixed assembly combination…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Bowen He , Xiao Zheng , Yuan Chen , Weinan Li , Yajin Zhou , Xin Long , Pengcheng Zhang , Xiaowei Lu , Linquan Jiang , Qiang Liu , Dennis Cai , Xiantao Zhang

Three-dimensional (3D)-stacking technology, which enables the integration of DRAM and logic dies, offers high bandwidth and low energy consumption. This technology also empowers new memory designs for executing tasks not traditionally…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-12-05 Ramyad Hadidi , Bahar Asgari , Burhan Ahmad Mudassar , Saibal Mukhopadhyay , Sudhakar Yalamanchili , Hyesoon Kim

The implementation of Hyperdimensional Computing (HDC) on In-Memory Computing (IMC) architectures faces significant challenges due to the mismatch between highdimensional vectors and IMC array sizes, leading to inefficient memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Do Yeong Kang , Yeong Hwan Oh , Chanwook Hwang , Jinhee Kim , Kang Eun Jeon , Jong Hwan Ko