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Recently, statistical properties of the World-Wide Web have attracted considerable attention when self-similar regimes have been observed in the scaling of its link structure. Here we recall a classical model for general scaling phenomena…

In this paper we examine a number of methods for probing and understanding the large-scale structure of networks that evolve over time. We focus in particular on citation networks, networks of references between documents such as papers,…

We investigate the fundamental principles that drive the development of scalable algorithms for network optimization. Despite the significant amount of work on parallel and decentralized algorithms in the optimization community, the methods…

Random networks with complex topology are common in Nature, describing systems as diverse as the world wide web or social and business networks. Recently, it has been demonstrated that most large networks for which topological information…

We propose a modeling framework for growing multiplexes where a node can belong to different networks. We define new measures for multiplexes and we identify a number of relevant ingredients for modeling their evolution such as the coupling…

The number of users adopting Tor to protect their online privacy is increasing rapidly. With a limited number of volunteered relays in the network, the number of clients' connections sharing the same relays is increasing to the extent that…

Distributed consensus has been widely studied for sensor network applications. Whereas the asymptotic convergence rate has been extensively explored in prior work, other important and practical issues, including energy efficiency and link…

In this paper we make an attempt to increase our understanding of the urban scaling phenomenon. We investigate how superlinear scaling emerges if a network increases in size and how this scaling depends on the occurrence of elements that…

The broad adoption of online social networking platforms has made it possible to study communication networks at an unprecedented scale. Digital trace data can be compiled into large data sets of online discourse. However, it is a challenge…

This paper studies a consensus problem of multi-agent systems subjected to external disturbances over the clustered network. It considers that the agents are divided into several clusters. They are almost all the time isolated one from…

This paper presents an evolution model of weighted networks in which the structural growth and weight dynamics are driven by human behavior, i.e. passenger route choice behavior. Transportation networks grow due to people's increasing…

With the rapid growth of online social networks, strengthening their stability has emerged as a key research focus. This study aims to identify influential relationships that significantly impact community stability. In this paper, we…

Increasing model size has unlocked a dazzling array of capabilities in modern language models. At the same time, even frontier models remain vulnerable to jailbreaks and prompt injections, despite concerted efforts to make them robust. As…

The study of network structural controllability focuses on the minimum number of driver nodes needed to control a whole network. Despite intensive studies on this topic, most of them consider static networks only. It is well-known, however,…

Scaling neural network models has delivered dramatic quality gains across ML problems. However, this scaling has increased the reliance on efficient distributed training techniques. Accordingly, as with other distributed computing…

Understanding social network structure and evolution has important implications for many aspects of network and system design including provisioning, bootstrapping trust and reputation systems via social networks, and defenses against Sybil…

Networks are widely used to model the interaction between individual dynamical systems. In many instances, the total number of units as well as the interaction coupling are not fixed in time, but rather constantly evolve. In terms of…

Tree-based protocols are ubiquitous in distributed systems. They are flexible, they perform generally well, and, in static conditions, their analysis is mostly simple. Under churn, however, node joins and failures can have complex global…

The behavior of complex networks under failure or attack depends strongly on the specific scenario. Of special interest are scale-free networks, which are usually seen as robust under random failure but appear to be especially vulnerable to…

Network generators that capture the Internet's large-scale topology are crucial for the development of efficient routing protocols and modeling Internet traffic. Our ability to design realistic generators is limited by the incomplete…