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Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) suffers from the latency problem when applied to streaming models. We argue that in CTC lattice, the alignments that can access more future context are preferred during training, thereby leading…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-22 Zengwei Yao , Wei Kang , Fangjun Kuang , Liyong Guo , Xiaoyu Yang , Yifan Yang , Long Lin , Daniel Povey

Connectionist temporal classification (CTC) is a popular sequence prediction approach for automatic speech recognition that is typically used with models based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs). We explore whether deep convolutional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-16 Kalpesh Krishna , Liang Lu , Kevin Gimpel , Karen Livescu

Recent studies of streaming automatic speech recognition (ASR) recurrent neural network transducer (RNN-T)-based systems have fed the encoder with past contextual information in order to improve its word error rate (WER) performance. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-31 Alejandro Gomez-Alanis , Lukas Drude , Andreas Schwarz , Rupak Vignesh Swaminathan , Simon Wiesler

In the present paper, an attempt is made to combine Mask-CTC and the triggered attention mechanism to construct a streaming end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) system that provides high performance with low latency. The triggered…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Huaibo Zhao , Yosuke Higuchi , Tetsuji Ogawa , Tetsunori Kobayashi

Low latency speech human-machine communication is becoming increasingly necessary as speech technology advances quickly in the last decade. One of the primary factors behind the advancement of speech technology is self-supervised learning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Yun Tang , Cindy Tseng

Transformer-based models have achieved state-of-the-art performance on speech translation tasks. However, the model architecture is not efficient enough for streaming scenarios since self-attention is computed over an entire input sequence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Xutai Ma , Yongqiang Wang , Mohammad Javad Dousti , Philipp Koehn , Juan Pino

We propose Chunk-wise Attention Transducer (CHAT), a novel extension to RNN-T models that processes audio in fixed-size chunks while employing cross-attention within each chunk. This hybrid approach maintains RNN-T's streaming capability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Hainan Xu , Vladimir Bataev , Travis M. Bartley , Jagadeesh Balam

In this paper, we propose an efficient and accurate streaming speech recognition model based on the FastConformer architecture. We adapted the FastConformer architecture for streaming applications through: (1) constraining both the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Vahid Noroozi , Somshubra Majumdar , Ankur Kumar , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

Streaming Machine Translation (MT) is the task of translating an unbounded input text stream in real-time. The traditional cascade approach, which combines an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and an MT system, relies on an intermediate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Javier Iranzo-Sánchez , Jorge Iranzo-Sánchez , Adrià Giménez , Jorge Civera , Alfons Juan

One of the problems with automated audio captioning (AAC) is the indeterminacy in word selection corresponding to the audio event/scene. Since one acoustic event/scene can be described with several words, it results in a combinatorial…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-11 Yuma Koizumi , Ryo Masumura , Kyosuke Nishida , Masahiro Yasuda , Shoichiro Saito

This paper addresses end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) for long audio recordings such as lecture and conversational speeches. Most end-to-end ASR models are designed to recognize independent utterances, but contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Takaaki Hori , Niko Moritz , Chiori Hori , Jonathan Le Roux

Punctuation prediction for automatic speech recognition (ASR) output transcripts plays a crucial role for improving the readability of the ASR transcripts and for improving the performance of downstream natural language processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Qian Chen , Wen Wang , Mengzhe Chen , Qinglin Zhang

Current simultaneous speech translation models can process audio only up to a few seconds long. Contemporary datasets provide an oracle segmentation into sentences based on human-annotated transcripts and translations. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Peter Polák , Ondřej Bojar

It is challenging to extract semantic meanings directly from audio signals in spoken language understanding (SLU), due to the lack of textual information. Popular end-to-end (E2E) SLU models utilize sequence-to-sequence automatic speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Jixuan Wang , Martin Radfar , Kai Wei , Clement Chung

End-to-end multilingual speech recognition models handle multiple languages through a single model, often incorporating language identification to automatically detect the language of incoming speech. Since the common scenario is where the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yosuke Kashiwagi , Hayato Futami , Emiru Tsunoo , Siddhant Arora , Shinji Watanabe

In this work, we propose a streaming speech recognition framework for Amdo Tibetan, built upon a hybrid CTC/Atten-tion architecture with a context-aware dynamic chunking mechanism. The proposed strategy adaptively adjusts chunk widths based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Chao Wang , Yuqing Cai , Renzeng Duojie , Jin Zhang , Yutong Liu , Nyima Tashi

End-to-end speech translation, a hot topic in recent years, aims to translate a segment of audio into a specific language with an end-to-end model. Conventional approaches employ multi-task learning and pre-training methods for this task,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Chengyi Wang , Yu Wu , Shujie Liu , Zhenglu Yang , Ming Zhou

Chunk-based inference stands out as a popular approach in developing real-time streaming speech recognition, valued for its simplicity and efficiency. However, because it restricts the model's focus to only the history and current chunk…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Khanh Le , Duc Chau

This paper integrates a voice activity detection (VAD) function with end-to-end automatic speech recognition toward an online speech interface and transcribing very long audio recordings. We focus on connectionist temporal classification…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-16 Takenori Yoshimura , Tomoki Hayashi , Kazuya Takeda , Shinji Watanabe

Recently, Transformer has gained success in automatic speech recognition (ASR) field. However, it is challenging to deploy a Transformer-based end-to-end (E2E) model for online speech recognition. In this paper, we propose the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-12 Haoran Miao , Gaofeng Cheng , Changfeng Gao , Pengyuan Zhang , Yonghong Yan