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We study a streamable attention-based encoder-decoder model in which either the decoder, or both the encoder and decoder, operate on pre-defined, fixed-size windows called chunks. A special end-of-chunk (EOC) symbol advances from one chunk…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-18 Mohammad Zeineldeen , Albert Zeyer , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

For most of the attention-based sequence-to-sequence models, the decoder predicts the output sequence conditioned on the entire input sequence processed by the encoder. The asynchronous problem between the encoding and decoding makes these…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-25 Zhengkun Tian , Jiangyan Yi , Ye Bai , Jianhua Tao , Shuai Zhang , Zhengqi Wen

We present a novel multi-modal unspoken punctuation prediction system for the English language which combines acoustic and text features. We demonstrate for the first time, that by relying exclusively on synthetic data generated using a…

Punctuation is critical in understanding natural language text. Currently, most automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems do not generate punctuation, which affects the performance of downstream tasks, such as intent detection and slot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Qiushi Huang , Tom Ko , H Lilian Tang , Xubo Liu , Bo Wu

By incorporating additional contextual information, deep biasing methods have emerged as a promising solution for speech recognition of personalized words. However, for real-world voice assistants, always biasing on such personalized words…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Tianyi Xu , Zhanheng Yang , Kaixun Huang , Pengcheng Guo , Ao Zhang , Biao Li , Changru Chen , Chao Li , Lei Xie

Speech recognition systems typically output text lacking punctuation. However, punctuation is crucial for written text comprehension. To tackle this problem, Punctuation Prediction models are developed. This paper describes a solution for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jakub Pokrywka

Cascaded speech-to-speech translation systems often suffer from the error accumulation problem and high latency, which is a result of cascaded modules whose inference delays accumulate. In this paper, we propose a transducer-based speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-07 Jinzheng Zhao , Niko Moritz , Egor Lakomkin , Ruiming Xie , Zhiping Xiu , Katerina Zmolikova , Zeeshan Ahmed , Yashesh Gaur , Duc Le , Christian Fuegen

Connectionist Temporal Classification has recently attracted a lot of interest as it offers an elegant approach to building acoustic models (AMs) for speech recognition. The CTC loss function maps an input sequence of observable feature…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-16 Thomas Zenkel , Ramon Sanabria , Florian Metze , Jan Niehues , Matthias Sperber , Sebastian Stüker , Alex Waibel

Accurate, low-latency endpointing is crucial for effective spoken dialogue systems. While traditional endpointers often rely on spectrum-based audio features, this work proposes real-time speech endpointing for multi-turn dialogues using…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Sathvik Udupa , Shinji Watanabe , Petr Schwarz , Jan Cernocky

We present a state-of-the-art end-to-end Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model. We learn to listen and write characters with a joint Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) and attention-based encoder-decoder network. The encoder is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-12 Takaaki Hori , Shinji Watanabe , Yu Zhang , William Chan

Models for streaming speech translation (ST) can achieve high accuracy and low latency if they're developed with vast amounts of paired audio in the source language and written text in the target language. Yet, these text labels for the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Rui Zhao , Jinyu Li , Ruchao Fan , Matt Post

Recently, the recurrent neural network transducer (RNN-T) architecture has become an emerging trend in end-to-end automatic speech recognition research due to its advantages of being capable for online streaming speech recognition. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Hu Hu , Rui Zhao , Jinyu Li , Liang Lu , Yifan Gong

Recent advances in deep learning show that end-to-end speech to text translation model is a promising approach to direct the speech translation field. In this work, we provide an overview of different end-to-end architectures, as well as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Parnia Bahar , Tobias Bieschke , Hermann Ney

Contextual biasing is essential to improving the recognition of rare and domain-specific words in an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system. While numerous methods have been proposed in recent years, most of them focus on offline…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Kai-Chen Tsai , Tien-Hong Lo , Yun-Ting Sun , Berlin Chen

End-to-end (E2E) models, which directly predict output character sequences given input speech, are good candidates for on-device speech recognition. E2E models, however, present numerous challenges: In order to be truly useful, such models…

In this work, we explore a multimodal semi-supervised learning approach for punctuation prediction by learning representations from large amounts of unlabelled audio and text data. Conventional approaches in speech processing typically use…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-04 Monica Sunkara , Srikanth Ronanki , Dhanush Bekal , Sravan Bodapati , Katrin Kirchhoff

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are effective models for reducing spectral variations and modeling spectral correlations in acoustic features for automatic speech recognition (ASR). Hybrid speech recognition systems incorporating CNNs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-11 Ying Zhang , Mohammad Pezeshki , Philemon Brakel , Saizheng Zhang , Cesar Laurent Yoshua Bengio , Aaron Courville

End-to-end speech recognition models trained using joint Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC)-Attention loss have gained popularity recently. In these models, a non-autoregressive CTC decoder is often used at inference time due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Saket Dingliwal , Monica Sunkara , Sravan Bodapati , Srikanth Ronanki , Jeff Farris , Katrin Kirchhoff

In this paper, we present a novel two-pass approach to unify streaming and non-streaming end-to-end (E2E) speech recognition in a single model. Our model adopts the hybrid CTC/attention architecture, in which the conformer layers in the…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Binbin Zhang , Di Wu , Zhuoyuan Yao , Xiong Wang , Fan Yu , Chao Yang , Liyong Guo , Yaguang Hu , Lei Xie , Xin Lei

Recent Automatic Speech Recognition systems have been moving towards end-to-end systems that can be trained together. Numerous techniques that have been proposed recently enabled this trend, including feature extraction with CNNs, context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Yushi Guan