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The programmable Liquid-crystal Active Coronagraphic Imager for the DAG Telescope (PLACID) instrument will be installed on the Turkish 4-m Telescope by the fall of 2024 and is expected to be on-sky by the end of the year. PLACID will be the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-21 Liurong Lin , Axel Potier , Ruben Tandon , Jonas G. Kühn

We present an analysis of high-resolution imaging of an exoplanet by a meter-class telescope positioned at a real image of the exoplanet created by the solar gravity lens. We assume an exoplanet viewed in full phase and a simple…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-06 Phil A. Willems

We discuss the results of a multi-wavelength differential imaging lab experiment with the High Contrast Imaging Testbed (HCIT) at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The HCIT combines a Lyot coronagraph with a Xinetics deformable mirror in a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Beth Biller , John Trauger , Dwight Moody , Laird Close , Andreas Kuhnert , Karl Stapelfeldt , Wesley A. Traub , Brian Kern

Directly imaging Earth-like exoplanets within habitable zones is challenging because faint signals can be obscured by exozodiacal dust, analogous to our solar system's zodiacal dust. This dust scatters starlight, creating a bright…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-18 Yu-Chia Lin

The Space Coronagraph Optical Bench (SCoOB) is a high-contrast imaging testbed built to demonstrate starlight suppression techniques at visible wavelengths in a space-like vacuum environment. The testbed is designed to achieve ${<}10^{-8}$…

We propose 730 nm high-contrast spectroscopic observations of selected self-luminous directly-imaged planets as a key test of the Roman Coronagraph's planet characterization capabilities. The planet sample draws from ground-based IR…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-03 Thayne Currie , Brianna Lacy , Yiting Li , Mona El Morsy , Danielle Bovie , Kellen Lawson , Masayuki Kuzuhara , Naoshi Murakami

NASA's Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) aims to achieve starlight suppression to the $10^{-10}$ level for the detection and spectral characterization of Earth-like exoplanets. Broadband ozone absorption features are key biosignatures that…

Context. Direct imaging of exoplanets takes advantage of state-of-the-art adaptive optics (AO) systems, coronagraphy, and post-processing techniques. Coronagraphs attenuate starlight to mitigate the unfavorable flux ratio between an…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-21 Axel Potier , Johan Mazoyer , Zahed Wahhaj , Pierre Baudoz , Gael Chauvin , Raphael Galicher , Garreth Ruane

The Mid-Infrared instrument (MIRI) on board the James Webb Space Telescope will perform the first ever characterization of young giant exoplanets observed by direct imaging in the 5-28 microns spectral range. This wavelength range is key…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-28 C. Danielski , J. -L. Baudino , P. -O. Lagage , A. Boccaletti , R. Gastaud , A. Coulais , B. Bézard

The Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Electron-Dispersive Spectroscope (EDS) are two highly effective instruments in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology. The quality of these instruments is determined by various factors, with…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-10-24 Hamidreza Moradi , Fatemeh Mehradnia

The Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) mission will require coronagraphs capable of suppressing starlight at the $\sim 10^{-10}$ contrast level to directly image exo-Earths. High contrast achromatic coronagraphic masks are the missing…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-25 Niyati Desai , Garreth Ruane , Daniel Shanks , Lorenzo König , Susan Redmond , Bertrand Mennesson

The Coronagraph Instrument (CGI) on the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will demonstrate the high-contrast technology necessary for visible-light exoplanet imaging and spectroscopy from space via direct imaging of Jupiter-size planets and…

Extra-solar planets direct imaging is now a reality with the deployment and commissioning of the first generation of specialized ground-based instruments (GPI, SPHERE, P1640 and SCExAO). These systems allow of planets $ 10 ^ 7 $ times…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-16 Sandrine J. Thomas , Ruslan Belikov , Eduardo Bendek

We analyze the detection capability of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) for all currently operating coronagraphs in space. We define as CMEs events that propagate beyond 10 solar radii with morphologies broadly consistent with a magnetic flux…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-11 Angelos Vourlidas , L. A. Balmaceda , H. Xie , O. C. St. Cyr

Achieving the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) goal of 10^-10 contrast at a separation of 3 $\lambda$/D across a 20% bandwidth requires coronagraph focal plane masks with both broadband high contrast performance and high planet…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-01 Niyati Desai , Garreth Ruane , Susan Redmond , Dimitri Mawet , Eugene Serabyn , Bertrand Mennesson

Deformable Mirrors (DMs) have wide applications ranging from astronomical imaging to laser communications and vision science. However, they often require bulky multi-channel cables for delivering high power to their drive actuators. A low…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-28 Amit Kumar Jha , Ewan S. Douglas , Meng Li , Corey Fucetola , Fiorenzo G. Omenetto

The current generation of ground-based coronagraphic instruments uses deformable mirrors to correct for phase errors and to improve contrast levels at small angular separations. Improving these techniques, several space and ground based…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-11 Johan Mazoyer , Laurent Pueyo , Mamadou N'Diaye , Dimitri Mawet , Rémi Soummer , Colin Norman

The vortex coronagraph is one of the most promising coronagraphs for high contrast imaging because of its simplicity, small inner working angle, high throughput, and clear off-axis discovery space. However, as with most coronagraphs,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Dimitri Mawet , Eugene Serabyn , J. Kent Wallace , Laurent Pueyo

Due to the low flux of exoEarths, long exposure times are required to spectrally characterize them. During these long exposures, the contrast in the dark hole will degrade as the the optical system drifts from its initial DH state. To…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-02 Phillip K. Poon , Axel Potier , Garreth Ruane , Alex B. Walter , A J Eldorado Riggs , Matthew Noyes , Camilo Mejia Prada , Kyohoon Ahn , Olivier Guyon

High contrast imaging using coronagraphy is one of the main avenues to enable the search for life on extrasolar Earth analogs. The HiCAT testbed aims to demonstrate coronagraphy and wavefront control for segmented on-axis space telescopes…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-11 Christopher Moriarty , Keira Brooks , Remi Soummer , Marshall Perrin , Thomas Comeau , Gregory Brady , Rob Gontrum , Peter Petrone