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The widespread absence of diacritical marks in Arabic text poses a significant challenge for Arabic natural language processing (NLP). This paper explores instances of naturally occurring diacritics, referred to as "diacritics in the wild,"…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Salman Elgamal , Ossama Obeid , Tameem Kabbani , Go Inoue , Nizar Habash

Capitalization normalization (truecasing) is the task of restoring the correct case (uppercase or lowercase) of noisy text. We propose a fast, accurate and compact two-level hierarchical word-and-character-based recurrent neural network…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Hao Zhang , You-Chi Cheng , Shankar Kumar , W. Ronny Huang , Mingqing Chen , Rajiv Mathews

We present a novel method of performing spelling correction on short input strings, such as search queries or individual words. At its core lies a procedure for generating artificial typos which closely follow the error patterns manifested…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Alex Kuznetsov , Hector Urdiales

These days different platforms such as social media provide their clients from different backgrounds and languages the possibility to connect and exchange information. It is not surprising anymore to see comments from different languages in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Amir Reza Jafari , Behnam Heidary , Reza Farahbakhsh , Mostafa Salehi , Mahdi Jalili

HTR models development has become a conventional step for digital humanities projects. The performance of these models, often quite high, relies on manual transcription and numerous handwritten documents. Although the method has proven…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Lucas Noëmie , Clément Salah , Chahan Vidal-Gorène

This study introduces an innovative automatic labeling framework to address the challenges of lexical normalization in social media texts for low-resource languages like Vietnamese. Social media data is rich and diverse, but the evolving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Dung Ha Nguyen , Anh Thi Hoang Nguyen , Kiet Van Nguyen

In natural language processing, multilingual models like mBERT and XLM-RoBERTa promise broad coverage but often struggle with languages that share a script yet differ in orthographic norms and cultural context. This issue is especially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Abdulhady Abas Abdullah , Amir H. Gandomi , Tarik A Rashid , Seyedali Mirjalili , Laith Abualigah , Milena Živković , Hadi Veisi

We propose a novel multitask learning method for diacritization which trains a model to both diacritize and translate. Our method addresses data sparsity by exploiting large, readily available bitext corpora. Furthermore, translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Brian Thompson , Ali Alshehri

In speech-applications such as text-to-speech (TTS) or automatic speech recognition (ASR), \emph{text normalization} refers to the task of converting from a \emph{written} representation into a representation of how the text is to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-22 Ke Wu , Kyle Gorman , Richard Sproat

Scripts - standardized event sequences describing typical everyday activities - have been shown to help understand narratives by providing expectations, resolving ambiguity, and filling in unstated information. However, to date they have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Keisuke Sakaguchi , Chandra Bhagavatula , Ronan Le Bras , Niket Tandon , Peter Clark , Yejin Choi

This paper explores the pitfalls in evaluating multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR) models, with a particular focus on Indic language scripts. We investigate the text normalization routine employed by leading ASR models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Kavya Manohar , Leena G Pillai , Elizabeth Sherly

The detection and normalization of temporal expressions is an important task and preprocessing step for many applications. However, prior work on normalization is rule-based, which severely limits the applicability in real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Lukas Lange , Jannik Strötgen , Heike Adel , Dietrich Klakow

Diacritics are orthographic marks that clarify pronunciation, distinguish similar words, or alter meaning. They play a central role in many writing systems, yet their impact on language technology has not been systematically quantified…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Adi Cohen , Yuval Pinter

The development of robust transliteration techniques to enhance the effectiveness of transforming Romanized scripts into native scripts is crucial for Natural Language Processing tasks, including sentiment analysis, speech recognition,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Kanchon Gharami , Quazi Sarwar Muhtaseem , Deepti Gupta , Lavanya Elluri , Shafika Showkat Moni

Lemmatization of standard languages is concerned with (i) abstracting over morphological differences and (ii) resolving token-lemma ambiguities of inflected words in order to map them to a dictionary headword. In the present paper we aim to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Enrique Manjavacas , Ákos Kádár , Mike Kestemont

Natural language generation models reproduce and often amplify the biases present in their training data. Previous research explored using sequence-to-sequence rewriting models to transform biased model outputs (or original texts) into more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Chantal Amrhein , Florian Schottmann , Rico Sennrich , Samuel Läubli

Neural language modeling (LM) has led to significant improvements in several applications, including Automatic Speech Recognition. However, they typically require large amounts of training data, which is not available for many domains and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Navid Rekabsaz , Nikolaos Pappas , James Henderson , Banriskhem K. Khonglah , Srikanth Madikeri

Deep neural networks and huge language models are becoming omnipresent in natural language applications. As they are known for requiring large amounts of training data, there is a growing body of work to improve the performance in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Michael A. Hedderich , Lukas Lange , Heike Adel , Jannik Strötgen , Dietrich Klakow

To equip SL with software properly, we need an input system to represent and manipulate signed contents in the same way that every day software allows to process written text. Refuting the claim that video is good enough a medium to serve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Michael Filhol

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive proficiency in basic arithmetic, rivaling human-level performance on standard numerical tasks. However, little attention has been given to how these models perform when numerical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Varshini Reddy , Craig W. Schmidt , Seth Ebner , Adam Wiemerslage , Yuval Pinter , Chris Tanner
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