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Finding important features that contribute to the prediction of neural models is an active area of research in explainable AI. Neural models are opaque and finding such features sheds light on a better understanding of their predictions. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Md Rafiqul Islam Rabin , Aftab Hussain , Sahil Suneja , Mohammad Amin Alipour

Video large language models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in video understanding tasks. However, the redundancy of video tokens introduces significant computational overhead during inference, limiting their practical deployment.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yinchao Ma , Qiang Zhou , Zhibin Wang , Xianing Chen , Hanqing Yang , Jun Song , Bo Zheng

Central to the success of Transformers is the attention block, which effectively models global dependencies among input tokens associated to a dataset. However, we theoretically demonstrate that standard attention mechanisms in transformers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hemanth Saratchandran

Vision Transformers are at the heart of the current surge of interest in foundation models for histopathology. They process images by breaking them into smaller patches following a regular grid, regardless of their content. Yet, not all…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Clément Grisi , Geert Litjens , Jeroen van der Laak

An attention matrix of a transformer self-attention sublayer can provably be decomposed into two components and only one of them (effective attention) contributes to the model output. This leads us to ask whether visualizing effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Kaiser Sun , Ana Marasović

Refining visual representations by eliminating their internal feature-level redundancy is crucial for simultaneously optimizing the performance and computational cost of models in visual tracking. To enhance their performance, many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Weijing Wu , Qihua Liang , Bineng Zhong , Haiying Xia , Zhiyi Mo , Shuxiang Song

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding and describing visual content, achieving state-of-the-art performance across various vision-language tasks. However, these models often generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Kazi Hasan Ibn Arif , Sajib Acharjee Dip , Khizar Hussain , Lang Zhang , Chris Thomas

The use of self-supervised pre-training has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the performance of many different visual tasks. In this context, recent approaches have employed the Masked Image Modeling paradigm, which pre-trains a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Lorenzo Baraldi , Roberto Amoroso , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Andrea Pilzer , Rita Cucchiara

Transformer, first applied to the field of natural language processing, is a type of deep neural network mainly based on the self-attention mechanism. Thanks to its strong representation capabilities, researchers are looking at ways to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Kai Han , Yunhe Wang , Hanting Chen , Xinghao Chen , Jianyuan Guo , Zhenhua Liu , Yehui Tang , An Xiao , Chunjing Xu , Yixing Xu , Zhaohui Yang , Yiman Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Transformer-based pre-trained models with millions of parameters require large storage. Recent approaches tackle this shortcoming by training adapters, but these approaches still require a relatively large number of parameters. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Chin-Lun Fu , Zih-Ching Chen , Yun-Ru Lee , Hung-yi Lee

The architecture of transformers, which recently witness booming applications in vision tasks, has pivoted against the widespread convolutional paradigm. Relying on the tokenization process that splits inputs into multiple tokens,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Shengju Qian , Yi Zhu , Wenbo Li , Mu Li , Jiaya Jia

Transformers have recently emerged as a powerful tool for learning visual representations. In this paper, we identify and characterize artifacts in feature maps of both supervised and self-supervised ViT networks. The artifacts correspond…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Timothée Darcet , Maxime Oquab , Julien Mairal , Piotr Bojanowski

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) process a large number of visual tokens, leading to significant computational costs and inefficiency. Instruction-related visual token compression demonstrates strong task relevance, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Lei Lei , Jie Gu , Xiaokang Ma , Chu Tang , Jingmin Chen , Tong Xu

The vision tokens in multimodal large language models usually exhibit significant spatial and temporal redundancy and take up most of the input tokens, which harms their inference efficiency. To solve this problem, some recent works were…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Ting Liu , Liangtao Shi , Richang Hong , Yue Hu , Quanjun Yin , Linfeng Zhang

The past year has witnessed a rapid development of masked image modeling (MIM). MIM is mostly built upon the vision transformers, which suggests that self-supervised visual representations can be done by masking input image parts while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Yunjie Tian , Lingxi Xie , Jiemin Fang , Mengnan Shi , Junran Peng , Xiaopeng Zhang , Jianbin Jiao , Qi Tian , Qixiang Ye

Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) incur high computational costs due to their reliance on hundreds of visual tokens to represent images. While token pruning offers a promising solution for accelerating inference, this paper, however,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yahong Wang , Juncheng Wu , Zhangkai Ni , Longzhen Yang , Yihang Liu , Chengmei Yang , Ying Wen , Lianghua He , Xianfeng Tang , Hui Liu , Yuyin Zhou

While modern Transformer-based language models (LMs) have achieved major success in multi-task generalization, they often struggle to capture long-range dependencies within their context window. This work introduces a novel approach using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Alok N. Shah , Khush Gupta , Keshav Ramji , Pratik Chaudhari

Few-shot algorithms aim at learning new tasks provided only a handful of training examples. In this work we investigate few-shot learning in the setting where the data points are sequences of tokens and propose an efficient learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Lajanugen Logeswaran , Ann Lee , Myle Ott , Honglak Lee , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato , Arthur Szlam

Transformer has achieved great success in NLP. However, the quadratic complexity of the self-attention mechanism in Transformer makes it inefficient in handling long sequences. Many existing works explore to accelerate Transformers by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Chuhan Wu , Fangzhao Wu , Tao Qi , Binxing Jiao , Daxin Jiang , Yongfeng Huang , Xing Xie

Self-attention-based vision transformers (ViTs) have emerged as a highly competitive architecture in computer vision. Unlike convolutional neural networks (CNNs), ViTs are capable of global information sharing. With the development of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Zhenzhen Chu , Jiayu Chen , Cen Chen , Chengyu Wang , Ziheng Wu , Jun Huang , Weining Qian