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Sequence modeling has produced diverse architectures -- from classical recurrent neural networks to modern Transformers and state space models (SSMs) -- yet a unified theoretical understanding of expressivity and trainability trade-offs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Ali Ghodsi

State Space Models (SSMs), particularly recent selective variants like Mamba, have emerged as a leading architecture for sequence modeling, challenging the dominance of Transformers. However, the success of these state-of-the-art models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Yiyi Wang , Jian'an Zhang , Hongyi Duan , Haoyang Liu , Qingyang Li

State space models (SSMs) have emerged as an efficient alternative to Transformer models for language modeling, offering linear computational complexity and constant memory usage as context length increases. However, despite their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Zhifan Ye , Kejing Xia , Yonggan Fu , Xin Dong , Jihoon Hong , Xiangchi Yuan , Shizhe Diao , Jan Kautz , Pavlo Molchanov , Yingyan Celine Lin

Unified architectures in multimodal large language models (MLLM) have shown promise in handling diverse tasks within a single framework. In the text-to-speech (TTS) task, current MLLM-based approaches rely on discrete token representations,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-27 Xinlu He , Swayambhu Nath Ray , Harish Mallidi , Jia-Hong Huang , Ashwin Bellur , Chander Chandak , M. Maruf , Venkatesh Ravichandran

Structured State Space Models (SSMs) have emerged as compelling alternatives to Transformer architectures, offering linear-time complexity and superior performance in various sequence modeling tasks. Despite their advantages, SSMs like the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Tian Meng , Yang Tao , Wuliang Yin

We study architectural and optimization techniques for sample-efficient language modeling under the constraints of the BabyLM 2025 shared task. Our model, BLaLM, replaces self-attention with a linear-time mLSTM token mixer and explores…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Patrick Haller , Jonas Golde , Alan Akbik

End-to-end OCR for historical newspapers remains challenging, as models must handle long text sequences, degraded print quality, and complex layouts. While Transformer-based recognizers dominate current research, their quadratic complexity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Merveilles Agbeti-messan , Thierry Paquet , Clément Chatelain , Pierrick Tranouez , Stéphane Nicolas

Recently, Conformer has achieved state-of-the-art performance in many speech recognition tasks. However, the Transformer-based models show significant deterioration for long-form speech, such as lectures, because the self-attention…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Tomoki Honda , Shinsuke Sakai , Tatsuya Kawahara

Recently, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) as powerful sequence models have re-emerged as a potential acoustic model for statistical parametric speech synthesis (SPSS). The long short-term memory (LSTM) architecture is particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-01-12 Zhizheng Wu , Simon King

The typical Selective State-Space Model (SSM) used in Mamba addresses several limitations of Transformers, such as the quadratic computational complexity with respect to sequence length and the significant memory requirements during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Shengkun Tang , Liqun Ma , Haonan Li , Mingjie Sun , Zhiqiang Shen

We consider the generative modeling of speech over multiple minutes, a requirement for long-form multimedia generation and audio-native voice assistants. However, textless spoken language models struggle to generate plausible speech past…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Se Jin Park , Julian Salazar , Aren Jansen , Keisuke Kinoshita , Yong Man Ro , RJ Skerry-Ryan

Given the remarkable achievements in image generation through diffusion models, the research community has shown increasing interest in extending these models to video generation. Recent diffusion models for video generation have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Yuta Oshima , Shohei Taniguchi , Masahiro Suzuki , Yutaka Matsuo

Despite its widespread adoption as the prominent neural architecture, the Transformer has spurred several independent lines of work to address its limitations. One such approach is selective state space models, which have demonstrated…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Sarthak Yadav , Zheng-Hua Tan

State-space models (SSMs) offer efficient alternatives to attention with linear-time recurrence. Mamba2, a recent SSM-based language model, uses selective input gating and a multi-head structure, enabling parallel computation and strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Yehjin Shin , Seojin Kim , Noseong Park

Transformer-based models have achieved state-of-the-art performance on speech translation tasks. However, the model architecture is not efficient enough for streaming scenarios since self-attention is computed over an entire input sequence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Xutai Ma , Yongqiang Wang , Mohammad Javad Dousti , Philipp Koehn , Juan Pino

Deep neural networks based on state space models (SSMs) are attracting significant attention in sequence modeling since their computational cost is much smaller than that of Transformers. While the capabilities of SSMs have been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-06 Naoki Nishikawa , Taiji Suzuki

Attention-based sequence-to-sequence models for speech recognition jointly train an acoustic model, language model (LM), and alignment mechanism using a single neural network and require only parallel audio-text pairs. Thus, the language…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-20 Jinxi Guo , Tara N. Sainath , Ron J. Weiss

As an important part of speech recognition technology, automatic speech keyword recognition has been intensively studied in recent years. Such technology becomes especially pivotal under situations with limited infrastructures and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Ruisen Luo , Tianran Sun , Chen Wang , Miao Du , Zuodong Tang , Kai Zhou , Xiaofeng Gong , Xiaomei Yang

We present extensions to a continuous-state dependency parsing method that makes it applicable to morphologically rich languages. Starting with a high-performance transition-based parser that uses long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-08-12 Miguel Ballesteros , Chris Dyer , Noah A. Smith

We propose a speaker selection mechanism (SSM) for the training of an end-to-end beamforming neural network, based on recent findings that a listener usually looks to the target speaker with a certain undershot angle. The mechanism allows…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-25 Luan Vinícius Fiorio , Bruno Defraene , Johan David , Alex Young , Frans Widdershoven , Wim van Houtum , Ronald M. Aarts