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Answering multi-hop reasoning questions requires retrieving and synthesizing information from diverse sources. Language models (LMs) struggle to perform such reasoning consistently. We propose an approach to pinpoint and rectify multi-hop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Mansi Sakarvadia

This paper proposes a serialized multi-layer multi-head attention for neural speaker embedding in text-independent speaker verification. In prior works, frame-level features from one layer are aggregated to form an utterance-level…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Hongning Zhu , Kong Aik Lee , Haizhou Li

Many of the current state-of-the-art Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition Systems (LVCSR) are hybrids of neural networks and Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). Most of these systems contain separate components that deal with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-03-16 Dzmitry Bahdanau , Jan Chorowski , Dmitriy Serdyuk , Philemon Brakel , Yoshua Bengio

Existing CNN-based speech separation models face local receptive field limitations and cannot effectively capture long time dependencies. Although LSTM and Transformer-based speech separation models can avoid this problem, their high…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Kai Li , Guo Chen , Runxuan Yang , Xiaolin Hu

A proper parametrization of state transition matrices of linear state-space models (SSMs) followed by standard nonlinearities enables them to efficiently learn representations from sequential data, establishing the state-of-the-art on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Ramin Hasani , Mathias Lechner , Tsun-Hsuan Wang , Makram Chahine , Alexander Amini , Daniela Rus

Transformers are the current architecture of choice for NLP, but their attention layers do not scale well to long contexts. Recent works propose to replace attention with linear recurrent layers -- this is the case for state space models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Hugo Pitorro , Pavlo Vasylenko , Marcos Treviso , André F. T. Martins

Recent advances in transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various tasks. However, their quadratic computational complexity concerning sequence length remains a significant bottleneck…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zichuan Fu , Wentao Song , Yejing Wang , Xian Wu , Yefeng Zheng , Yingying Zhang , Derong Xu , Xuetao Wei , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao

We investigate the expressive power of state space models (SSM), which have recently emerged as a potential alternative to transformer architectures in large language models. Building on recent work, we analyse SSM expressiveness through…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Eric Alsmann , Lowejatan Noori , Martin Lange

Efficiently modeling sequences with infinite context length has long been a challenging problem. Previous approaches have either suffered from quadratic computational complexity or limited extrapolation ability in length generalization. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Liliang Ren , Yang Liu , Yadong Lu , Yelong Shen , Chen Liang , Weizhu Chen

We introduce the State Stream Transformer (SST), a novel LLM architecture that reveals emergent reasoning behaviours and capabilities latent in pretrained weights through addressing a fundamental limitation in traditional transformer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Thea Aviss

Lip-reading aims to recognize speech content from videos via visual analysis of speakers' lip movements. This is a challenging task due to the existence of homophemes-words which involve identical or highly similar lip movements, as well as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Chenhao Wang

Recurrent neural networks using the LSTM architecture can achieve significant single-channel noise reduction. It is not obvious, however, how to apply them to multi-channel inputs in a way that can generalize to new microphone…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Felix Grezes , Zhaoheng Ni , Viet Anh Trinh , Michael Mandel

The diversity and complexity of Indic languages present unique challenges for natural language processing (NLP) tasks, particularly in the domain of question answering (QA).To address these challenges, this paper explores the application of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Arpita Vats , Rahul Raja , Mrinal Mathur , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha

Many self-supervised speech models (S3Ms) have been introduced over the last few years, improving performance and data efficiency on various speech tasks. However, these empirical successes alone do not give a complete picture of what is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Ankita Pasad , Chung-Ming Chien , Shane Settle , Karen Livescu

Speech-aware language models (LMs) have demonstrated capabilities in understanding spoken language while generating text-based responses. However, enabling them to produce speech output efficiently and effectively remains a challenge. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-12 Yuxuan Hu , Haibin Wu , Ruchao Fan , Xiaofei Wang , Heng Lu , Yao Qian , Jinyu Li

Deep neural state-space models (SSMs) provide a powerful tool for modeling dynamical systems solely using operational data. Typically, neural SSMs are trained using data collected from the actual system under consideration, despite the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Ankush Chakrabarty , Gordon Wichern , Christopher R. Laughman

Real-time decoding of neural activity is central to neuroscience and neurotechnology applications, from closed-loop experiments to brain-computer interfaces, where models are subject to strict latency constraints. Traditional methods,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-10 Avery Hee-Woon Ryoo , Nanda H. Krishna , Ximeng Mao , Mehdi Azabou , Eva L. Dyer , Matthew G. Perich , Guillaume Lajoie

Selective auditory attention decoding aims to identify the speaker of interest from listeners' neural signals, such as electroencephalography (EEG), in the presence of multiple concurrent speakers. Most existing methods operate at the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-17 Yuanyuan Yao , Simon Geirnaert , Tinne Tuytelaars , Alexander Bertrand

Modeling the errors of a speech recognizer can help simulate errorful recognized speech data from plain text, which has proven useful for tasks like discriminative language modeling, improving robustness of NLP systems, where limited or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Prashant Serai , Peidong Wang , Eric Fosler-Lussier

Sequence models based on linear state spaces (SSMs) have recently emerged as a promising choice of architecture for modeling long range dependencies across various modalities. However, they invariably rely on discretization of a continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Ankit Gupta , Harsh Mehta , Jonathan Berant