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Can continuous diffusion models bring the same performance breakthrough on natural language they did for image generation? To circumvent the discrete nature of text data, we can simply project tokens in a continuous space of embeddings, as…

Cross-entropy (CE) training provides dense and scalable supervision for language models, but it optimizes next-token prediction under teacher forcing rather than sequence-level behavior under model rollouts. We introduce a feature-matching…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Samy Jelassi , Mujin Kwun , Rosie Zhao , Yuanzhi Li , Nicolo Fusi , Yilun Du , Sham M. Kakade , Carles Domingo-Enrich

Controlling the length of text produced by large language models (LLMs) remains challenging: models frequently overshoot or undershoot explicit length instructions because they cannot reliably keep an internal token count. We present a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Juncheng Xie , Hung-yi Lee

Emotional text-to-speech synthesis (ETTS) has seen much progress in recent years. However, the generated voice is often not perceptually identifiable by its intended emotion category. To address this problem, we propose a new interactive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Rui Liu , Berrak Sisman , Haizhou Li

Multi-aspect controllable text generation aims to generate fluent sentences that possess multiple desired attributes simultaneously. Traditional methods either combine many operators in the decoding stage, often with costly iteration or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Hanxing Ding , Liang Pang , Zihao Wei , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng , Tat-Seng Chua

Reference-based Text-to-Speech (TTS) models can generate multiple, prosodically-different renditions of the same target text. Such models jointly learn a latent acoustic space during training, which can be sampled from during inference.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Atli Thor Sigurgeirsson , Simon King

Pre-trained contextual representations (e.g., BERT) have become the foundation to achieve state-of-the-art results on many NLP tasks. However, large-scale pre-training is computationally expensive. ELECTRA, an early attempt to accelerate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Zhenhui Xu , Linyuan Gong , Guolin Ke , Di He , Shuxin Zheng , Liwei Wang , Jiang Bian , Tie-Yan Liu

Designing visually diverse and high-quality designs remains a manual, time-consuming process, limiting scalability and personalization in creative workflows. We present a system for generating editable design variations using a decoder-only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Karthik Suresh , Amine Ben Khalifa , Li Zhang , Wei-ting Hsu , Fangzheng Wu , Vinay More , Asim Kadav

This work introduces Focused-Variation Network (FVN), a novel model to control language generation. The main problems in previous controlled language generation models range from the difficulty of generating text according to the given…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Lei Shu , Alexandros Papangelis , Yi-Chia Wang , Gokhan Tur , Hu Xu , Zhaleh Feizollahi , Bing Liu , Piero Molino

This paper proposes an effective emotional text-to-speech (TTS) system with a pre-trained language model (LM)-based emotion prediction method. Unlike conventional systems that require auxiliary inputs such as manually defined emotion…

Large language models (LLMs) generate text embeddings from text data, producing vector representations that capture the semantic meaning and contextual relationships of words. However, the high dimensionality of these embeddings often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Zhanye Luo , Yuefeng Han , Xiufan Yu

Content is created for a well-defined purpose, often described by a metric or signal represented in the form of structured information. The relationship between the goal (metrics) of target content and the content itself is non-trivial.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Navita Goyal , Roodram Paneri , Ayush Agarwal , Udit Kalani , Abhilasha Sancheti , Niyati Chhaya

While conditional generation models can now generate natural language well enough to create fluent text, it is still difficult to control the generation process, leading to irrelevant, repetitive, and hallucinated content. Recent work shows…

Recent advancements in text-to-image diffusion models have shown remarkable creative capabilities with textual prompts, but generating personalized instances based on specific subjects, known as subject-driven generation, remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Shanyan Guan , Yanhao Ge , Ying Tai , Jian Yang , Wei Li , Mingyu You

In recent years, there has been increased interest in building predictive models that harness natural language processing and machine learning techniques to detect emotions from various text sources, including social media posts,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Sourabh Zanwar , Daniel Wiechmann , Yu Qiao , Elma Kerz

While energy-based models (EBMs) exhibit a number of desirable properties, training and sampling on high-dimensional datasets remains challenging. Inspired by recent progress on diffusion probabilistic models, we present a diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Ruiqi Gao , Yang Song , Ben Poole , Ying Nian Wu , Diederik P. Kingma

Large Language Models (LLMs) employ three popular training approaches: Masked Language Models (MLM), Causal Language Models (CLM), and Sequence-to-Sequence Models (seq2seq). However, each approach has its strengths and limitations, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Xuefeng Liu , Songhao Jiang , Bo Li , Rick Stevens

Tabular data stands out as one of the most frequently encountered types in high energy physics. Unlike commonly homogeneous data such as pixelated images, simulating high-dimensional tabular data and accurately capturing their correlations…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-04-30 Cheng Jiang , Sitian Qian , Huilin Qu

A major challenge in the field of Text Generation is evaluation because we lack a sound theory that can be leveraged to extract guidelines for evaluation campaigns. In this work, we propose a first step towards such a theory that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Pius von Däniken , Jan Deriu , Don Tuggener , Mark Cieliebak

Large language models (LLMs) achieve remarkable generative performance, yet their output quality is dependent on the decoding strategy. While sampling-based methods (e.g., top-k, nucleus) and search-and-select based methods (e.g., beam…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Benjamin Patrick Evans , Sumitra Ganesh , Leo Ardon
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