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The concept of quality of life in urban settings is increasingly associated to the accessibility of amenities within a short walking distance for residents. However, this narrative still requires thorough empirical investigation to evaluate…

General Economics · Economics 2025-04-18 Leonardo Boncinelli , Stefania Miricola , Eugenio Vicario

In many real-world scenarios, it is crucial to be able to reliably and efficiently reason under uncertainty while capturing complex relationships in data. Probabilistic circuits (PCs), a prominent family of tractable probabilistic models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Zhongjie Yu , Martin Trapp , Kristian Kersting

Proximity-based cities have attracted much attention in recent years. The 15-minute city, in particular, heralded a new vision for cities where essential services must be easily accessible. Despite its undoubted merit in stimulating…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-30 Matteo Bruno , Hygor Piaget Monteiro Melo , Bruno Campanelli , Vittorio Loreto

As more and more people continue to live in highly urbanised areas across the globe, reliable accessibility to amenities and services plays a vital role in sustainable development. One of the challenges in addressing this issue is the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-07-05 Hoai Nguyen Huynh

Urban systems are primarily relational. The uneven intensities and distribution of flows between systems of cities results in hierarchically organised complex networks of urban exchange. Distinct urban spatial structures reflect the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-06-02 Valentina Marin , Carlos Molinero , Elsa Arcaute

Today, many cities seek to transition to more sustainable transportation systems. Cycling is critical in this transition for shorter trips, including first-and-last-mile links to transit. Yet, if individuals perceive cycling as unsafe, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Miguel Costa , Manuel Marques , Felix Wilhelm Siebert , Carlos Lima Azevedo , Filipe Moura

The city is a complex system that evolves through its inherent social and economic interactions. Mediating the movements of people and resources, urban street networks offer a spatial footprint of these activities; consequently their…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-04-19 Minjin Lee , Hugo Barbosa , Hyejin Youn , Petter Holme , Gourab Ghoshal

Different models of random walks on the dual graphs of compact urban structures are considered. Analysis of access times between streets helps to detect the city modularity. The statistical mechanics approach to the ensembles of lazy random…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-05-29 D. Volchenkov , Ph. Blanchard

The era of the automobile has seriously degraded the quality of urban life through costly travel and visible environmental effects. A new urban planning paradigm must be at the heart of our roadmap for the years to come. The one where,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-07-20 Yanyan Xu , Luis E. Olmos , Sofiane Abbar , Marta C. Gonzalez

Green areas are a crucial element in evolution of a city, contributing to improve citizens' life, to reduce effects of climate change, and to make possible the survival of other species in urban areas. Unfortunately, the above effects are…

Public transit is a critical component of urban mobility and equity, yet mobility and air-quality linkages are rarely operationalized in reproducible smart-city analytics workflows. This study develops a transparent, multi-source monitoring…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-06 Sean Elliott , Sohini Roy

Segregation is a highly nuanced concept that researchers have worked to define and measure over the past several decades. Conventional approaches tend to estimate segregation based on residential patterns in a static manner. In this work,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-04-17 Nandini Iyer , Ronaldo Menezes , Hugo Barbosa

Urban morphology and socioeconomic aspects of cities have been explored by analysing urban street network. To analyse the network, several variations of the centrality indices are often used. However, its nature has not yet been widely…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-03-23 Kaoru Yamaoka , Yusuke Kumakoshi , Yuji Yoshimura

Street networks may be planned according to clear organizing principles or they may evolve organically through accretion, but their configurations and orientations help define a city's spatial logic and order. Measures of entropy reveal a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-08-20 Geoff Boeing

One of the most prominent properties in real-world networks is the presence of a community structure, i.e. dense and loosely interconnected groups of nodes called communities. In an attempt to better understand this concept, we study the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2012-08-16 Günce Keziban Orman , Vincent Labatut , Hocine Cherifi

Great cities connect people; failed cities isolate people. Despite the fundamental importance of physical, face-to-face social-ties in the functioning of cities, these connectivity networks are not explicitly observed in their entirety.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-07-21 Aaron Sim , Sophia N Yaliraki , Mauricio Barahona , Michael P H Stumpf

Accessibility is essential for designing inclusive urban systems. However, the attempt to capture the complexity of accessibility in a single universal metric has often limited its effective use in design, measurement, and governance across…

Cycling is reported by an average of 35\% of adults at least once per week across 28 countries, and as vulnerable road users directly exposed to their surroundings, cyclists experience the street at an intensity unmatched by other modes.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-12 Haining Ding , Chenxi Wang , Michal Gath-Morad

The objective of this study is to characterize inequality in infrastructure quality across urban areas. While a growing of body of literature has recognized the importance of characterizing infrastructure inequality in cities and provided…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Bo Li , Ali Mostafavi

Understanding how built environments shape human experience is central to designing sustainable cities. Cycling provides a critical case: it delivers health and environmental benefits, yet its uptake depends strongly on the experience of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Haining Ding , Chenxi Wang , Michal Gath-Morad