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Betweenness is a measure of the centrality of a node in a network, and is normally calculated as the fraction of shortest paths between node pairs that pass through the node of interest. Betweenness is, in some sense, a measure of the…
Cities can be seen as the epitome of complex systems. They arise from a set of interactions and components so diverse that is almost impossible to describe them exhaustively. Amid this diversity, we chose an object which orchestrates the…
Heterogeneity is a key aspect of complex networks, often emerging by looking at the distribution of node properties, from the milestone observations on the degree to the recent developments in mixing pattern estimation. Mixing patterns, in…
Complex networks are a powerful modeling tool, allowing the study of countless real-world systems. They have been used in very different domains such as computer science, biology, sociology, management, etc. Authors have been trying to…
During the last decade bike sharing systems have emerged as a public transport mode in urban short trips in more than 500 major cities around the world. For the mobility service mode, many challenges from its operations are not well…
We address the question of finding the community structure of a complex network. In an earlier effort [H. Zhou, {\em Phys. Rev. E} (2003)], the concept of network random walking is introduced and a distance measure defined. Here we…
Understanding how urban systems and traffic dynamics co-evolve is crucial for advancing sustainable and resilient cities. However, their bidirectional causal relationships remain underexplored due to challenges of simultaneously inferring…
The dynamics of city's spatial structures are determined by the coupling of functional components (such as restaurants and shops) and human beings within the city. Yet, there still lacks mechanism models to quantify the spatial distribution…
A complex web of roads, walkways and public transport systems can hide areas of geographical isolation very difficult to analyze. Random walks are used to spot the structural details of urban fabric.
Urban density, in the form of residents' and visitors' concentration, is long considered to foster diverse exchanges of interpersonal knowledge and skills, which are intrinsic to sustainable human settlements. However, with current urban…
Mixed-use urbanism affords access to diverse assortments of land-uses within a pedestrian-accessible context. It confers advantages such as reductions to driving, air pollution, and Body Mass Index with associated increases in active…
In this article, we explore two effective means to communicate the concept of walkability - 1) visualization, and 2) descriptive statistics. We introduce the concept of walkability as measuring the quality of an urban space based on the…
The appearance of large geolocated communication datasets has recently increased our understanding of how social networks relate to their physical space. However, many recurrently reported properties, such as the spatial clustering of…
Several natural and artificial structures and systems are somehow optimized for performing specific functionalities. The structure and topology of cities is no exception, as it is critically important to ensure effective access to the…
One of the main problems that local authorities of large cities have to face is the regulation of urban mobility. They need to provide the means to allow for the efficient movement of people and distribution of goods. However, the…
In recent years, there has been increasing attention to the spatial dimensions of residential segregation, such as the spatial arrangement of segregated neighborhoods and the geographic scale or relative size of segregated areas. However,…
At the moment, urban mobility research and governmental initiatives are mostly focused on motor-related issues, e.g. the problems of congestion and pollution. And yet, we can not disregard the most vulnerable elements in the urban…
Shaped by human movement, place connectivity is quantified by the strength of spatial interactions among locations. For decades, spatial scientists have researched place connectivity, applications, and metrics. The growing popularity of…
In real networks complex topological features are often associated with a diversity of interactions as measured by the weights of the links. Moreover, spatial constraints may as well play an important role, resulting in a complex interplay…
Transportation equity research has traditionally emphasized service accessibility and destination reachability while often overlooking the critical aspects of service quality, such as infrequent schedules or overcrowded vehicles. This…