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Mueller matrices provide a complete description of a medium's response to excitation by polarized light, and their characterization is important across a broad range of applications from ellipsometry in material science to polarimetry in…

Advances in vectorial polarisation-resolved imaging are bringing new capabilities to applications ranging from fundamental physics through to clinical diagnosis. Imaging polarimetry requires determination of the Mueller matrix (MM) at every…

Plasmonic metasurfaces enable simultaneous control of the phase, momentum, amplitude and polarisation of light and hence promise great utility in realisation of compact photonic devices. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel chip-scale…

Polarization imaging is a technique that creates a pixel map of the polarization state in a scene. Although invisible to the human eye, polarization can assist various sensing and computer vision tasks. Existing polarization cameras use…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-19 Noa Kraicer , Shay Elmalem , Erez Yosef , Hani Barhum , Raja Giryes

This study is concerned with the design of a Mueller imaging polarimeter for the visualization of spatially-varying Mueller matrix fields. A simplified calibration procedure is advocated, where all the optical elements are calibrated…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-11-08 Yvain Quéau , Florian Leporcq , Ayman Alfalou

Polarimetric imaging can provide valuable information about biological samples in a wide range of applications. Detrimental scattering however currently limits the imaging depth of in-vivo imaging to approximately 1 transport mean free…

Optics · Physics 2020-10-28 Kai Ling C. Seow , Peter Török , Matthew R. Foreman

Information on the polarization properties of scattered light from plasmonic systems are of paramount importance due to fundamental interest and potential applications. However, such studies are severely compromised due to the experimental…

In conventional optical microscopes, image contrast of objects mainly results from the differences in light intensity and/or color. Muller matrix optical microscopes (MMMs), on the other hand, can provide significantly enhanced image…

This article aims to provide a brief overview of both established and novel ellipsometry techniques, as well as their applications. Ellipsometry is an indirect optical technique in that information about the physical properties of a sample…

The vectorial evolution of polarized light interaction with a medium can reveal its microstructure and anisotropy beyond what can be obtained from scalar light interaction. Anisotropic properties (diattenuation, retardance, and…

Optics · Physics 2024-02-26 Zhineng Xie , Guowu Huang , Weihao Lin , Xin Jin , Yifan Ge , Yansen Hu , Xiafei Qian , Min Xu

Multispectral polarisation imaging has a broad range of applications, from biological cell imaging to agricultural remote surveying. For such applications, especially involving lightweight unmanned aerial vehicles like drones, it is…

Accurate characterization of polarization dependent light matter interactions in nanostructured systems is paramount for the development of chiral metasurfaces. It is also often challenging, because multiple anisotropic mechanisms, such as…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-27 Jeeban Kumar Nayak , Ebru Buhara , Olivier J. F. Martin

Mueller polarimetry is a powerful technique with broad applications in astronomy, remote sensing, advanced material analysis, and biomedical imaging. However, instrumental constraints frequently restrict the measurement to an incomplete…

We have described a novel way to determine the Mueller matrix of any optical element by using projection method. For this purpose, we have used two universal SU(2) gadgets for polarization optics to obtain projection matrix directly from…

Polarisation imaging is used to distinguish objects and surface characteristics that are otherwise not visible with black-and-white or colour imaging. Full-Stokes polarisation imaging allows complex image processing like water glint…

While any two-dimensional mixed state of polarization of light can be represented by a combination of a pure state and a fully random state, any Mueller matrix can be represented by a convex combination of a pure component and three…

Optics · Physics 2017-04-05 Jose J. Gil

States of light encoding multiple polarizations - vector beams - offer unique capabilities in metrology and communication. However, their practical application is limited by the lack of methods for measuring many polarizations in a scalable…

Optics · Physics 2022-09-13 Davide Pierangeli , Claudio Conti

In-line polarimeters perform non-destructive polarization measurements of optical signals, and play a critical role in monitoring and controlling the polarization environment in for example optical networks. While current in-line…

Optics · Physics 2015-12-10 J. P. Balthasar Müller , Kristjan Leosson , Federico Capasso

Polarizers are key components in optical science and technology. Thus, understanding the action of a polarizer beyond oversimplifying approximations is crucial. In this work, we study the interaction of a polarizing interface with an…

Linear polarimetric transformations of light polarization states by the action of material media are fully characterized by the corresponding Mueller matrices, which contain in an implicit and intricate manner all measurable information on…

Optics · Physics 2022-02-16 José J. Gil , Ignacio San José
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