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Full-waveform inversion (FWI), a popular technique that promises high-resolution models, has helped in improving the salt definition in inverted velocity models. The success of the inversion relies heavily on having prior knowledge of the…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-01-11 Abdullah Alali , Vladimir Kazei , Mahesh Kalita , Tariq Alkhalifah

Accurate seismic imaging and velocity estimation are essential for subsurface characterization. Conventional inversion techniques, such as full-waveform inversion, remain computationally expensive and sensitive to initial velocity models.…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-04-23 Yunlin Zeng , Huseyin Tuna Erdinc , Rafael Orozco , Felix Herrmann

In seismic exploration, sources and measurements of seismic waves on the surface are used to determine model parameters representing geophysical properties of the earth. Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a nonlinear seismic inverse technique…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-02-05 Yunan Yang

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is an important geophysical technique considered in subsurface property prediction. It solves the inverse problem of predicting high-resolution Earth interior models from seismic data. Traditional FWI methods…

Full-Waveform Inversion seeks to achieve a high-resolution model of the subsurface through the application of multi-variate optimization to the seismic inverse problem. Although now a mature technology, FWI has limitations related to the…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-02-26 Christopher Zerafa , Pauline Galea , Cristiana Sebu

Producing reliable acoustic subsurface velocity models still remains the main bottleneck of the oil and gas industry's traditional imaging sequence. In complex geological settings, the output of conventional ray-based or wave-equation-based…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-06-07 Guillaume Barnier , Ettore Biondi , Robert G. Clapp , Biondo Biondi

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is an effective method for imaging subsurface properties using sparsely recorded data. It involves solving a wave propagation problem to estimate model parameters that accurately reproduce the data. Recent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-02 Ali Gholami

Stein variational gradient descent (SVGD) is a prominent particle-based variational inference method used for sampling a target distribution. SVGD has attracted interest for application in machine-learning techniques such as Bayesian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Yuya Kawamura , Satoshi Takabe

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) stands as a nonlinear, high-resolution technology for subsurface imaging via surface-recorded data. This paper introduces an augmented Lagrangian dual formulation for FWI, rooted in the viewpoint that Lagrange…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-12-13 Kamal Aghazade , Ali Gholami

Particle-based variational inference methods (ParVIs) such as Stein variational gradient descent (SVGD) update the particles based on the kernelized Wasserstein gradient flow for the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence. However, the design of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-26 Ziheng Cheng , Shiyue Zhang , Longlin Yu , Cheng Zhang

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a standard algorithm in seismic imaging. Its implementation requires the a priori choice of a number of "design parameters", such as the positions of sensors for the actual measurements and one (or more)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-25 Shaunagh Downing , Silvia Gazzola , Ivan G. Graham , Euan A. Spence

Ultrasound computed tomography is emerging as a promising safe and accessible modality for soft-tissue medical imaging, with full waveform inversion playing a key role in unlocking its full potential for high-resolution, quantitative…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Yifei Sun , Yubing Li , Chang Su , Lekang Jiang , Xiangwei Lu , Ligang Cui , He Sun , Weijun Lin

We study the Stein Variational Gradient Descent (SVGD) algorithm, which optimises a set of particles to approximate a target probability distribution $\pi\propto e^{-V}$ on $\mathbb{R}^d$. In the population limit, SVGD performs gradient…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-05 Anna Korba , Adil Salim , Michael Arbel , Giulia Luise , Arthur Gretton

We have formulated elastic seismic full waveform inversion (FWI) within a deep learning environment. In our formulation, a recurrent neural network is set up with rules enforcing elastic wave propagation, with the wavefield projected onto a…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-01-25 Tianze Zhang , Jian Sun , Kristopher A. Innanen , Daniel Trad

We propose a novel particle-based variational inference method designed to work with multimodal distributions. Our approach, referred to as Branched Stein Variational Gradient Descent (BSVGD), extends the classical Stein Variational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Isaías Bañales , Arturo Jaramillo , Joshué Helí Ricalde-Guerrero

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution seismic inversion technique popularly used in oil and gas exploration. Traditional FWI employs the $l_2$ norm measurement to minimize the misfit between observed and predicted seismic data.…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-04-03 Liangsheng He , Chao Song , Cai Liu

The inference of flows of material in the interior of the Sun is a subject of major interest in helioseismology. Here we apply techniques of Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) to synthetic data to test flow inversions. In this idealized setup,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Shravan M Hanasoge

Full-waveform inversion is a cutting-edge methodology for recovering high-resolution subsurface models. However, one of the main conventional full-waveform optimization problems challenges is cycle-skipping, usually leading us to an…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-05-20 Muhammad Izzatullah , Tariq Alkhalifah

Stein variational gradient descent (SVGD) is a non-parametric inference algorithm that evolves a set of particles to fit a given distribution of interest. We analyze the non-asymptotic properties of SVGD, showing that there exists a set of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-30 Qiang Liu , Dilin Wang

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is an inverse problem for estimating the wave velocity distribution in a given domain, based on observed data on the boundaries. The inversion is computationally demanding because we are required to solve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Matan Goren , Eran Treister