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Causal discovery aims to infer causal relationships among variables from observational data, typically represented by a directed acyclic graph (DAG). Most existing methods assume independent and identically distributed observations, an…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-27 Alex Chen , Qing Zhou

A fundamental challenge in the empirical sciences involves uncovering causal structure through observation and experimentation. Causal discovery entails linking the conditional independence (CI) invariances in observational data to their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-04 Zihan Zhou , Muhammad Qasim Elahi , Murat Kocaoglu

Assessing the accuracy of the output of causal discovery algorithms is crucial in developing and comparing novel methods. Common evaluation metrics such as the structural Hamming distance are useful for assessing individual links of causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-07 Jonas Wahl , Jakob Runge

We establish conditions under which latent causal graphs are nonparametrically identifiable and can be reconstructed from unknown interventions in the latent space. Our primary focus is the identification of the latent structure in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-06 Yibo Jiang , Bryon Aragam

In observational studies, the true causal model is typically unknown and needs to be estimated from available observational and limited experimental data. In such cases, the learned causal model is commonly represented as a partially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Malte Luttermann , Marcel Wienöbst , Maciej Liśkiewicz

The problem of inferring the direct causal parents of a response variable among a large set of explanatory variables is of high practical importance in many disciplines. Recent work exploits stability of regression coefficients or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-07 Anant Raj , Luigi Gresele , Michel Besserve , Bernhard Schölkopf , Stefan Bauer

Estimating causal interactions in complex dynamical systems is an important problem encountered in many fields of current science. While a theoretical solution for detecting the causal interactions has been previously formulated in the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2020-01-20 Jakub Kořenek , Jaroslav Hlinka

Causal discovery methods are intrinsically constrained by the set of assumptions needed to ensure structure identifiability. Moreover additional restrictions are often imposed in order to simplify the inference task: this is the case for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Francesco Montagna , Nicoletta Noceti , Lorenzo Rosasco , Kun Zhang , Francesco Locatello

Transforming a causal system from a given initial state to a desired target state is an important task permeating multiple fields including control theory, biology, and materials science. In causal models, such transformations can be…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-22 Jiaqi Zhang , Chandler Squires , Caroline Uhler

Causal graphs, such as directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) and partial ancestral graphs (PAGs), represent causal relationships among variables in a model. Methods exist for learning DAGs and PAGs from data and for converting DAGs to PAGs.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-01-19 Nishant Subramani

A common theme in causal inference is learning causal relationships between observed variables, also known as causal discovery. This is usually a daunting task, given the large number of candidate causal graphs and the combinatorial nature…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-11 Romain Lopez , Jan-Christian Hütter , Jonathan K. Pritchard , Aviv Regev

Assuming a directed acyclic graph (DAG) that represents prior knowledge of causal relationships between variables is a common starting point for cause-effect estimation. Existing literature typically invokes hypothetical domain expert…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-11 Kirtan Padh , Zhufeng Li , Cecilia Casolo , Niki Kilbertus

The problem of learning a directed acyclic graph (DAG) up to Markov equivalence is equivalent to the problem of finding a permutation of the variables that induces the sparsest graph. Without additional assumptions, this task is known to be…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-10 Chandler Squires , Joshua Amaniampong , Caroline Uhler

Discovering the causal relationship via recovering the directed acyclic graph (DAG) structure from the observed data is a well-known challenging combinatorial problem. When there are latent variables, the problem becomes even more…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-02 Yunfeng Cai , Xu Li , Minging Sun , Ping Li

Inferring the causal relationships among a set of variables in the form of a directed acyclic graph (DAG) is an important but notoriously challenging problem. Recently, advancements in high-throughput genomic perturbation screens have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Seong Woo Han , Daniel Duy Vo , Brielin C. Brown

Graph pattern matching algorithms to handle million-scale dynamic graphs are widely used in many applications such as social network analytics and suspicious transaction detections from financial networks. On the other hand, the computation…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Hiroki Kanezashi , Toyotaro Suzumura , Dario Garcia-Gasulla , Min-hwan Oh , Satoshi Matsuoka

Learning DAG structures from purely observational data remains a long-standing challenge across scientific domains. An emerging line of research leverages the score of the data distribution to initially identify a topological order of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Vy Vo , He Zhao , Trung Le , Edwin V. Bonilla , Dinh Phung

Learning good interventions in a causal graph can be modelled as a stochastic multi-armed bandit problem with side-information. First, we study this problem when interventions are more expensive than observations and a budget is specified.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Vineet Nair , Vishakha Patil , Gaurav Sinha

We consider testing and learning problems on causal Bayesian networks as defined by Pearl (Pearl, 2009). Given a causal Bayesian network $\mathcal{M}$ on a graph with $n$ discrete variables and bounded in-degree and bounded `confounded…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-05-25 Jayadev Acharya , Arnab Bhattacharyya , Constantinos Daskalakis , Saravanan Kandasamy

To make accurate predictions, understand mechanisms, and design interventions in systems of many variables, we wish to learn causal graphs from large scale data. Unfortunately the space of all possible causal graphs is enormous so scalably…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-19 Alan Nawzad Amin , Andrew Gordon Wilson