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In this paper, we present the practical problems and the lessons learned at short-video services from Kuaishou. In industry, a widely-used multi-task framework is the Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) paradigm, which always introduces some shared…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Xu Wang , Jiangxia Cao , Zhiyi Fu , Kun Gai , Guorui Zhou

Mixture of Experts (MoE) has become a key architectural paradigm for efficiently scaling Large Language Models (LLMs) by selectively activating a subset of parameters for each input token. However, standard MoE architectures face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zehua Liu , Han Wu , Ruifeng She , Xiaojin Fu , Xiongwei Han , Tao Zhong , Mingxuan Yuan

Computations for the softmax function are significantly expensive when the number of output classes is large. In this paper, we present a novel softmax inference speedup method, Doubly Sparse Softmax (DS-Softmax), that leverages sparse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-04 Shun Liao , Ting Chen , Tian Lin , Denny Zhou , Chong Wang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) represents an ensemble methodology that amalgamates predictions from several specialized sub-models (referred to as experts). This fusion is accomplished through a router mechanism, dynamically assigning weights to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Jinze Zhao , Peihao Wang , Zhangyang Wang

Accurate estimation of multiple quality variables is critical for building industrial soft sensor models, which have long been confronted with data efficiency and negative transfer issues. Methods sharing backbone parameters among tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Yuxin Huang , Hao Wang , Zhaoran Liu , Licheng Pan , Haozhe Li , Xinggao Liu

Large language models, such as OpenAI's ChatGPT, have demonstrated exceptional language understanding capabilities in various NLP tasks. Sparsely activated mixture-of-experts (MoE) has emerged as a promising solution for scaling models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Jiamin Li , Qiang Su , Yitao Yang , Yimin Jiang , Cong Wang , Hong Xu

With the recent advancements of deep learning technologies, the performance of voice conversion (VC) in terms of quality and similarity has been significantly improved. However, heavy computations are generally required for…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Yu-Tao Chang , Yuan-Hong Yang , Yu-Huai Peng , Syu-Siang Wang , Tai-Shih Chi , Yu Tsao , Hsin-Min Wang

The computational cost associated with high-fidelity CFD simulations remains a significant bottleneck in the automotive design and optimization cycle. While ML-based surrogate models have emerged as a promising alternative to accelerate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Mohammad Amin Nabian , Sanjay Choudhry

Multi-task learning (MTL) for dense prediction has shown promising results but still faces challenges in balancing shared representations with task-specific specialization. In this paper, we introduce a novel Fine-Grained Mixture of Experts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Yangyang Xu , Xi Ye , Duo Su

We study the statistical properties of learning to defer (L2D) to multiple experts. In particular, we address the open problems of deriving a consistent surrogate loss, confidence calibration, and principled ensembling of experts. Firstly,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-24 Rajeev Verma , Daniel Barrejón , Eric Nalisnick

While Large Language Models (LLMs) are commonly fine-tuned to handle domain-specific tasks before being applied to vertical applications, adapting them to complex scenarios with diverse specialized knowledge remains challenging. Meanwhile,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Mengyang Sun , Maochuan Dou , Tao Feng , Dan Zhang , Yihao Wang , Junpeng Liu , Yifan Zhu , Jie Tang

We study the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) in the multivariate deviated model where the data are generated from the density function $(1-\lambda^{\ast})h_{0}(x)+\lambda^{\ast}f(x|\mu^{\ast}, \Sigma^{\ast})$ in which $h_{0}$ is a known…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-31 Dat Do , Huy Nguyen , Khai Nguyen , Nhat Ho

We consider the problem of eliciting expert assessments of an uncertain parameter. The context is risk control, where there are, in fact, three uncertain parameters to be estimates. Two of these are probabilities, requiring the that the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Paul B. Kantor

Mixtures of experts have become an indispensable tool for flexible modelling in a supervised learning context, allowing not only the mean function but the entire density of the output to change with the inputs. Sparse Gaussian processes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Clement Etienam , Kody Law , Sara Wade , Vitaly Zankin

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture in large language models, highlighting its ability to significantly enhance model performance while maintaining minimal computational overhead. Through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Danyang Zhang , Junhao Song , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Yingfang Yuan , Tianyang Wang , Joe Yeong , Junfeng Hao

Machine learning applications require fast and reliable per-sample uncertainty estimation. A common approach is to use predictive distributions from Bayesian or approximation methods and additively decompose uncertainty into aleatoric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 H. Martin Gillis , Isaac Xu , Thomas Trappenberg

We introduce Mixture-of-Gaussians with Uncertainty-based Gating (MoGU), a novel Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) framework designed for regression tasks. MoGU replaces standard learned gating with an intrinsic routing paradigm where expert-specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Gilad Aviv , Jacob Goldberger , Yoli Shavit

We conduct the convergence analysis of parameter estimation in the contaminated mixture of experts. This model is motivated from the prompt learning problem where ones utilize prompts, which can be formulated as experts, to fine-tune a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Fanqi Yan , Huy Nguyen , Dung Le , Pedram Akbarian , Nhat Ho

In this work we tackle the problem of estimating the density $ f_X $ of a random variable $ X $ by successive smoothing, such that the smoothed random variable $ Y $ fulfills the diffusion partial differential equation $ (\partial_t -…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-11 Martin Zach , Erich Kobler , Antonin Chambolle , Thomas Pock

We propose a large-margin Gaussian Mixture (L-GM) loss for deep neural networks in classification tasks. Different from the softmax cross-entropy loss, our proposal is established on the assumption that the deep features of the training set…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-09 Weitao Wan , Yuanyi Zhong , Tianpeng Li , Jiansheng Chen