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Aligning large language models (LLMs) to human preferences is a crucial step in building helpful and safe AI tools, which usually involve training on supervised datasets. Popular algorithms such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Honggen Zhang , Xufeng Zhao , Igor Molybog , June Zhang

Aligning large language models with humans is challenging due to the inherently multifaceted nature of preference feedback. While existing approaches typically frame this as a multi-objective optimization problem, they often overlook how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Mohamad Chehade , Soumya Suvra Ghosal , Souradip Chakraborty , Avinash Reddy , Dinesh Manocha , Hao Zhu , Amrit Singh Bedi

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated proficiency in handling complex queries, much of the past work has depended on extensively annotated datasets by human experts. However, this reliance on fully-supervised annotations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Yongqi Tong , Sizhe Wang , Dawei Li , Yifan Wang , Simeng Han , Zi Lin , Chengsong Huang , Jiaxin Huang , Jingbo Shang

Recent advances in video-large language models (Video-LLMs) have led to significant progress in video understanding. Current preference optimization methods often rely on proprietary APIs or human-annotated captions to generate preference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yogesh Kulkarni , Pooyan Fazli

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive generalization capabilities on specific tasks with human-written instruction data. However, the limited quantity, diversity, and professional expertise of such instruction data raise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Cheng Kang , Daniel Novak , Katerina Urbanova , Yuqing Cheng , Yong Hu

Large language models (LLMs) are catalyzing the development of autonomous AI research agents for scientific and engineering discovery. We present FM Agent, a novel and general-purpose multi-agent framework that leverages a synergistic…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate human users in interactive settings such as therapy, education, and social role-play. While these simulations enable scalable training and evaluation of AI agents, off-the-shelf…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Marwa Abdulhai , Ryan Cheng , Donovan Clay , Tim Althoff , Sergey Levine , Natasha Jaques

With the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs), AI assistants' ability to utilize tools, especially through API calls, has advanced notably. This progress has necessitated more accurate evaluation methods. Many existing studies adopt static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Honglin Mu , Yang Xu , Yunlong Feng , Xiaofeng Han , Yitong Li , Yutai Hou , Wanxiang Che

Agentic workflows, where multiple AI agents collaborate to accomplish complex tasks like reasoning or planning, play a substantial role in many cutting-edge commercial applications, and continue to fascinate researchers across fields for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Deepak Pandita , Tharindu Cyril Weerasooriya , Ankit Parag Shah , Isabelle Diana May-Xin Ng , Christopher M. Homan , Wei Wei

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed human-computer interaction by enabling natural language-based communication with AI-powered chatbots. These models are designed to be intuitive and user-friendly, allowing users to articulate…

Instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as AI Assistants in firms for support in cognitive tasks. These AI assistants carry embedded perspectives which influence factors across the firm including…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Noah Broestl , Benjamin Lange , Cristina Voinea , Geoff Keeling , Rachael Lam

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly act as autonomous agents in markets and organizations, their behavior in strategic environments becomes economically consequential. We document that off-the-shelf LLM agents exhibit systematic…

General Economics · Economics 2026-03-16 Wei Lu , Amit Dhanda , Daniel L. Chen , Christian B. Hansen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used by students, yet their tendency to provide fast and complete answers may discourage reflection and foster overconfidence. We examined how alternative LLM interaction designs support deeper…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Elena Eleftheriou , George Pallis , Marios Constantinides

We introduce a new benchmark, LLF-Bench (Learning from Language Feedback Benchmark; pronounced as "elf-bench"), to evaluate the ability of AI agents to interactively learn from natural language feedback and instructions. Learning from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Ching-An Cheng , Andrey Kolobov , Dipendra Misra , Allen Nie , Adith Swaminathan

The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in interactive systems necessitates a deep alignment with the nuanced and dynamic preferences of individual users. Current alignment techniques predominantly address universal human values or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Xiaotian Zhang , Yuan Wang , Ruizhe Chen , Zeya Wang , Runchen Hou , Zuozhu Liu

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have developed rapidly in recent years to solve complex real-world problems using external tools. However, the scarcity of high-quality trajectories still hinders the development of stronger LLM agents.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Chen Yang , Ran Le , Yun Xing , Zhenwei An , Zongchao Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Yang Song , Tao Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) excel in open domains but struggle in specialized settings with limited data and evolving knowledge. Existing domain adaptation practices rely heavily on manual trial-and-error processes, incur significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Sidharth Sinha , Anson Bastos , Xuchao Zhang , Akshay Nambi , Chetan Bansal , Saravan Rajmohan

While textless Spoken Language Models (SLMs) have shown potential in end-to-end speech-to-speech modeling, they still lag behind text-based Large Language Models (LLMs) in terms of semantic coherence and relevance. This work introduces the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Guan-Ting Lin , Prashanth Gurunath Shivakumar , Aditya Gourav , Yile Gu , Ankur Gandhe , Hung-yi Lee , Ivan Bulyko

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in reasoning and generation, serving as the foundation for advanced persona simulation and Role-Playing Language Agents (RPLAs). However, achieving authentic alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Xintao Wang , Jian Yang , Weiyuan Li , Rui Xie , Jen-tse Huang , Jun Gao , Shuai Huang , Yueping Kang , Yuanli Gou , Hongwei Feng , Yanghua Xiao

Large language models (LLMs) have formulated a blueprint for the advancement of artificial general intelligence. Its primary objective is to function as a human-centric (helpful, honest, and harmless) assistant. Alignment with humans…

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