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A non-intrusive data assimilation methodology is developed to improve the statistical predictions of large-eddy simulations (LES). The ensemble-variational (EnVar) approach aims to minimize a cost function that is defined as the discrepancy…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-09-28 Vincent Mons , Yifan Du , Tamer A. Zaki

Estimating background-error covariances remains a core challenge in variational data assimilation (DA). Operational systems typically approximate these covariances by transformations that separate geostrophically balanced components from…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Boštjan Melinc , Uroš Perkan , Žiga Zaplotnik

We propose two new methods based/inspired by machine learning for tabular data and distance-free localization to enhance the covariance estimations in an ensemble data assimilation. The main goal is to enhance the data assimilation results…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Vinicius L. S. Silva , Gabriel S. Seabra , Alexandre A. Emerick

There has been an arising trend of adopting deep learning methods to study partial differential equations (PDEs). This article is to propose a Deep Learning Galerkin Method (DGM) for the closed-loop geothermal system, which is a new coupled…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-04-19 Wen Zhang , Jian Li

In this paper, we study deep neural networks (DNNs) for solving high-dimensional evolution equations with oscillatory solutions. Different from deep least-squares methods that deal with time and space variables simultaneously, we propose a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-06-01 Yiqi Gu , Micheal K. Ng

We construct entropy conservative and entropy stable high order accurate discontinuous Galerkin (DG) discretizations for time-dependent nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws on curvilinear meshes. The resulting schemes preserve a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-06-14 Jesse Chan , Lucas C. Wilcox

Data assimilation (DA) integrates observational data with numerical models to improve the prediction of complex physical systems. However, traditional DA methods often struggle with nonlinear dynamics and multi-scale variability,…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Hyeonggeun Yun , Quanling Deng

We propose a new method, the continuous Galerkin method with globally and locally supported basis functions (CG-GL), to address the parametric robustness issues of reduced-order models (ROMs) by incorporating solution-based adaptivity with…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-10 Han Gao , Matthew J. Zahr

Modern astrophysical simulations aim to accurately model an ever-growing array of physical processes, including the interaction of fluids with magnetic fields, under increasingly stringent performance and scalability requirements driven by…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-08 Thomas Guillet , Rüdiger Pakmor , Volker Springel , Praveen Chandrashekar , Christian Klingenberg

Matrix-free geometric multigrid solvers for elliptic PDEs that have been discretised with Higher-order Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods are ideally suited to exploit state-of-the-art computer architectures. Higher polynomial degrees…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Sean Baccas , Alexander A. Belozerov , Eike H. Müller , Tobias Weinzierl

This work presents an entropy stable discontinuous Galerkin (DG) spectral element approximation for systems of non-linear conservation laws with general geometric (h) and polynomial order (p) non-conforming rectangular meshes. The crux of…

Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods offer an enormous flexibility regarding local grid refinement and variation of polynomial degrees for a variety of different problem classes. With a focus on diffusion problems, we consider DG…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-01-01 Kolja Brix , Claudio Canuto , Wolfgang Dahmen

We present a new approach to using neural networks to approximate the solutions of variational equations, based on the adaptive construction of a sequence of finite-dimensional subspaces whose basis functions are realizations of a sequence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Mark Ainsworth , Justin Dong

We focus on Partial Differential Equation (PDE) based Data Assimilatio problems (DA) solved by means of variational approaches and Kalman filter algorithm. Recently, we presented a Domain Decomposition framework (we call it DD-DA, for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Rosalba Cacciapuoti , Luisa D'Amore

We present a dual weighted residual-based a posteriori error estimate for a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) approximation of a linear second-order elliptic problem on compact smooth connected and oriented surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^{3}$ which are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-02-11 Andreas Dedner , Pravin Madhavan

The embedded discontinuous Galerkin (EDG) method by Cockburn et al. [SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 2009, 47(4), 2686-2707] is obtained from the hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin method by changing the space of the Lagrangian multiplier from…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-11-16 Xiao Zhang , Xiaoping Xie , Shiquan Zhang

Data assimilation (DA) plays a pivotal role in diverse applications, ranging from climate predictions and weather forecasts to trajectory planning for autonomous vehicles. A prime example is the widely used ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF),…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-01-03 Mohamad Abed El Rahman Hammoud , Naila Raboudi , Edriss S. Titi , Omar Knio , Ibrahim Hoteit

In this paper, we present error estimates of fully discrete Runge--Kutta discontinuous Galerkin (DG) schemes for linear time-dependent partial differential equations. The analysis applies to explicit Runge--Kutta time discretizations of any…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-07 Zheng Sun , Chi-Wang Shu

In astrophysics, the two main methods traditionally in use for solving the Euler equations of ideal fluid dynamics are smoothed particle hydrodynamics and finite volume discretization on a stationary mesh. However, the goal to efficiently…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-01 Andreas Bauer , Kevin Schaal , Volker Springel , Praveen Chandrashekar , Rüdiger Pakmor , Christian Klingenberg

We consider a discontinuous Galerkin method for the numerical solution of boundary value problems in two-dimensional domains with curved boundaries. A key challenge in this setting is the potential loss of convergence order due to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-16 Adérito Araújo , Milene Santos