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Attempts at cloning a quantum system result in the introduction of imperfections in the state of the copies. This is a consequence of the no-cloning theorem, which is a fundamental law of quantum physics and the backbone of security for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-17 Frédéric Bouchard , Robert Fickler , Robert W Boyd , Ebrahim Karimi

The impossibility of superluminal communication is a fundamental principle of physics. Here we show that this principle underpins the performance of several fundamental tasks in quantum information processing and quantum metrology. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-02 Pavel Sekatski , Michalis Skotiniotis , Wolfgang Dür

No-cloning theorem is fundamental for quantum mechanics and for quantum information science that states an unknown quantum state cannot be cloned perfectly. However, we can try to clone a quantum state approximately with the optimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-30 Heng Fan , Yi-Nan Wang , Li Jing , Jie-Dong Yue , Han-Duo Shi , Yong-Liang Zhang , Liang-Zhu Mu

The no-cloning theorem states that an unknown quantum state cannot be cloned exactly and deterministically due to the linearity of quantum mechanics. Associated with this theorem is the quantitative no-cloning limit that sets an upper bound…

Special relativity forbids superluminal influences. Using only the no-signaling principle and an assumption about the form of the Schmidt decomposition, we show that for "any" allowed fidelity there is a "unique" approximate qubit cloner…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-16 Z. Gedik , B. Çakmak

The no-cloning theorem asserts that, unlike classical information, quantum information cannot be copied. This seemingly undesirable phenomenon is harnessed in quantum cryptography. Uncloneable cryptography studies settings in which the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-27 Or Sattath

Quantum no-cloning, the impossibility of perfectly cloning an arbitrary unknown quantum state, is one of the most fundamental limitations due to the laws of quantum mechanics, which underpin the physical security of quantum key…

We show that encrypted cloning of unknown quantum states is possible. Any number of encrypted clones of a qubit can be created through a unitary transformation, and each of the encrypted clones can be decrypted through a unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-16 Koji Yamaguchi , Achim Kempf

It is known that the classical information like strings of bits can be copied. In 1982, Wootters and Zurek proposed the quantum no-cloning principle. No-cloning principle says that it is impossible to make an identical copy of an arbitrary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Dafa Li

The impossibility of perfectly copying (or cloning) an arbitrary quantum state is one of the basic rules governing the physics of quantum systems. The processes that perform the optimal approximate cloning have been found in many cases.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Valerio Scarani , Sofyan Iblisdir , Nicolas Gisin , Antonio Acin

The impossibility of creating perfect identical copies of unknown quantum systems is a fundamental concept in quantum theory and one of the main non-classical properties of quantum information. This limitation imposed by quantum mechanics,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-01 Mina Doosti

The possible existence of closed timelike curves (CTCs) draws attention to fundamental questions about what is physically possible and what is not. An example is the "no cloning theorem" in quantum mechanics, which states that no physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 D. Ahn , C. R. Myers , T. C. Ralph , R. B. Mann

We prove generic versions of the no-cloning and no-broadcasting theorems, applicable to essentially {\em any} non-classical finite-dimensional probabilistic model that satisfies a no-signaling criterion. This includes quantum theory as well…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Howard Barnum , Jonathan Barrett , Matthew Leifer , Alexander Wilce

The security of quantum cryptography is guaranteed by the no-cloning theorem, which implies that an eavesdropper copying transmitted qubits in unknown states causes their disturbance. Nevertheless, in real cryptographic systems some level…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-06 Karol Bartkiewicz , Karel Lemr , Antonín Černoch , Jan Soubusta , Adam Miranowicz

A common way of stating the non-cloning theorem -- one of distinguishing characteristics of quantum theory -- is that one cannot make a copy of an arbitrary unknown quantum state. Even though this theorem is an important part of the ongoing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-17 Arkady Bolotin

The celebrated quantum no-cloning theorem establishes the impossibility of making a perfect copy of an unknown quantum state. The discovery of this important theorem for the field of quantum information is currently dated 1982. I show here…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2018-02-23 Juan Ortigoso

The no-cloning principle tells us that non-orthogonal quantum states cannot be cloned, but it does not tell us that orthogonal states can always be cloned. We suggest a situation where the cloning transformations are restricted, leading to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-23 Tal Mor

While the no-cloning theorem, which forbids the perfect copying of quantum states, is well-known as one of the defining features of quantum mechanics, the question of how well the theory allows a state to be cloned is yet to be completely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-25 Alastair Kay , Ravishankar Ramanathan , Dagomir Kaszlikowski

Two of the fundamental no-go theorems of quantum information are the no-cloning theorem (that it is impossible to make copies of general quantum states) and the no-teleportation theorem (the prohibition on telegraphing, or sending quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-22 Barak Nehoran , Mark Zhandry

Perfect Quantum Cloning Machines (QCM) would allow to use quantum nonlocality for arbitrary fast signaling. However perfect QCM cannot exist. We derive a bound on the fidelity of QCM compatible with the no-signaling constraint. This bound…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Nicolas Gisin
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