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Side-channel attacks on microprocessors, like the RISC-V, exhibit security vulnerabilities that lead to several design challenges. Hence, it is imperative to study and analyze these security vulnerabilities comprehensively. In this paper,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Mahya Morid Ahmadi , Faiq Khalid , Muhammad Shafique

RISC-V processors are becoming ubiquitous in critical applications, but their susceptibility to microarchitectural side-channel attacks is a serious concern. Detection of microarchitectural attacks in RISC-V is an emerging research topic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Muhammad Hassan , Maria Mushtaq , Jaan Raik , Tara Ghasempouri

While interest in the open RISC-V instruction set architecture is growing, tools to assess the security of concrete processor implementations are lacking. There are dedicated tools and benchmarks for common microarchitectural side-channel…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Cédrick Austa , Jan Tobias Mühlberg , Jean-Michel Dricot

RISC-V is a recently developed open instruction set architecture gaining a lot of attention. To achieve a lasting security on these systems and design efficient countermeasures, a better understanding of vulnerabilities to novel and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Loïc Buckwell , Olivier Gilles , Daniel Gracia Pérez , Nikolai Kosmatov

Security in modern RISC-V processors demands more than functional correctness: It requires resilience to side-channel attacks. This paper evaluates the vulnerability of the side channel of the CVA6 RISC-V core by analyzing software-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Behnam Farnaghinejad , Antonio Porsia , Annachiara Ruospo , Alessandro Savino , Stefano Di Carlo , Ernesto Sanchez

Timing side-channel attacks pose a major threat to embedded systems due to their ease of accessibility. We propose CIDPro, a framework that relies on dynamic program diversification to mitigate timing side-channel leakage. The proposed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-06 Thinh Hung Pham , Alexander Fell , Arnab Kumar Biswas , Siew-Kei Lam , Nandeesha Veeranna

Microarchitectural side channels expose unprotected software to information leakage attacks where a software adversary is able to track runtime behavior of a benign process and steal secrets such as cryptographic keys. As suggested by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Jan Wichelmann , Ahmad Moghimi , Thomas Eisenbarth , Berk Sunar

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an ongoing technological revolution. Embedded processors are the processing engines of smart IoT devices. For decades, these processors were mainly based on the Arm instruction set architecture (ISA). In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Tao Lu

As RISC-V architectures proliferate across embedded and high-performance domains, developers face persistent challenges in performance optimization due to fragmented tooling, immature hardware features, and platform-specific defects. This…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Alexander Batashev

Microarchitectural timing side channels have been thoroughly investigated as a security threat in hardware designs featuring shared buffers (e.g., caches) or parallelism between attacker and victim task execution. However, contradicting…

The emergence of a new, open, and free instruction set architecture, RISC-V, has heralded a new era in microprocessor architectures. Starting with low-power, low-performance prototypes, the RISC-V community has a good chance of moving…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Valentin Volokitin , Evgeny Kozinov , Valentina Kustikova , Alexey Liniov , Iosif Meyerov

For years, the open-source RISC-V instruction set has been driving innovation in processor design, spanning from high-end cores to low-cost or low-power cores. After a decade of evolution, RISC architectures are now as mature as the CISC…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Juliette Pottier , Thomas Nieddu , Bertrand Le Gal , Sébastien Pillement , Maria Méndez Real

Secret-dependent timing behavior in cryptographic implementations has resulted in exploitable vulnerabilities, undermining their security. Over the years, numerous tools to automatically detect timing leakage or even to prove their absence…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Jan Wichelmann , Florian Sieck , Anna Pätschke , Thomas Eisenbarth

RISC-V is an open instruction set architecture recently developed for embedded real-time systems. To achieve a lasting security on these systems and design efficient countermeasures, a better understanding of vulnerabilities to novel and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Olivier Gilles , Franck Viguier , Nikolai Kosmatov , Daniel Gracia Pérez

Covert channels enable information leakage across security boundaries of the operating system. Microarchitectural covert channels exploit changes in execution timing resulting from competing access to limited hardware resources. We use the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Nils Wistoff , Moritz Schneider , Frank K. Gürkaynak , Luca Benini , Gernot Heiser

Speculative attacks are still an active threat today that, even if initially focused on the x86 platform, reach across all modern hardware architectures. RISC-V is a newly proposed open instruction set architecture that has seen traction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Ruxandra Bălucea , Paul Irofti

Microarchitectural attacks compromise security by exploiting software-visible artifacts of microarchitectural optimizations such as caches and speculative execution. Defending against such attacks at the software level requires an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Gideon Mohr , Marco Guarnieri , Jan Reineke

Cryptographic computations are fundamental to modern computing, ensuring data confidentiality and integrity. However, these operations are highly vulnerable to power side-channel attacks that exploit variations in power consumption to leak…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Amisha Srivastava , Muskan Porwal , Kanad Basu

The run-time electromagnetic (EM) emanation of microprocessors presents a side-channel that leaks the confidentiality of the applications running on them. Many recent works have demonstrated successful attacks leveraging such side-channels…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Nuntipat Narkthong , Yukui Luo , Xiaolin Xu

WebRISC-V is a web-based educational tool designed to simulate the pipelined execution of assembly programs according to the RV64IM specifications (64-bit RISC-V processor). The tool allows users to investigate pipeline stalls, understand…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Roberto Giorgi , Gianfranco Mariotti
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