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Intellectual Property (IP) theft is a serious concern for the integrated circuit (IC) industry. To address this concern, logic locking countermeasure transforms a logic circuit to a different one to obfuscate its inner details. The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Qinhan Tan , Seetal Potluri , Aydin Aysu

The outsourced manufacturing of integrated circuits has increased the risk of intellectual property theft. In response, logic locking techniques have been developed for protecting designs by adding programmable elements to the circuit.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Joseph Sweeney , Deepali Garg , Lawrence Pileggi

The security of logic locking has been called into question by various attacks, especially a Boolean satisfiability (SAT) based attack, that exploits scan access in a working chip. Among other techniques, a robust design-for-security (DFS)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Nimisha Limaye , Abhrajit Sengupta , Mohammed Nabeel , Ozgur Sinanoglu

In the past decade, a lot of progress has been made in the design and evaluation of logic locking; a premier technique to safeguard the integrity of integrated circuits throughout the electronics supply chain. However, the widespread…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Dominik Sisejkovic , Lennart M. Reimann , Elmira Moussavi , Farhad Merchant , Rainer Leupers

Logic locking aims to protect the intellectual property (IP) of integrated circuit (IC) designs throughout the globalized supply chain. The SAIL attack, based on tailored machine learning (ML) models, circumvents combinational logic locking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Lilas Alrahis , Satwik Patnaik , Johann Knechtel , Hani Saleh , Baker Mohammad , Mahmoud Al-Qutayri , Ozgur Sinanoglu

Logic locking remains one of the most promising defenses against hardware piracy, yet current approaches often face challenges in scalability and design overhead. In this paper, we present TLGLock, a new design paradigm that leverages the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Abdullah Sahruri , Martin Margala

Logic locking as a solution for semiconductor intellectual property (IP) confidentiality has received considerable attention in academia, but has yet to produce a viable solution to protect against known threats. In part due to a lack of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Jonathan Cruz , Jason Hamlet

The semiconductor industry's paradigm shift towards fabless integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing has introduced security threats, including piracy, counterfeiting, hardware Trojans, and overproduction. In response to these challenges,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Felipe Almeida , Levent Aksoy , Samuel Pagliarini

The globalization of the IC supply chain has raised many security threats, especially when untrusted parties are involved. This has created a demand for a dependable logic obfuscation solution to combat these threats. Amongst a wide range…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Kimia Zamiri Azar , Hadi Mardani Kamali , Houman Homayoun , Avesta Sasan

Integrated circuit (IC) camouflaging is a promising technique to protect the design of a chip from reverse engineering. However, recent work has shown that even camouflaged ICs can be reverse engineered from the observed input/output…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-10-31 Mohamed El Massad , Siddharth Garg , Mahesh Tripunitara

Integrated circuits (ICs) are the foundation of all computing systems. They comprise high-value hardware intellectual property (IP) that are at risk of piracy, reverse-engineering, and modifications while making their way through the…

Logic locking has emerged as a prominent key-driven technique to protect the integrity of integrated circuits. However, novel machine-learning-based attacks have recently been introduced to challenge the security foundations of locking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Dominik Sisejkovic , Farhad Merchant , Lennart M. Reimann , Rainer Leupers

Federated learning (FL) is vulnerable to backdoor attacks, yet most existing methods are limited by fixed-pattern or single-target triggers, making them inflexible and easier to detect. We propose FLAT (FL Arbitrary-Target Attack), a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Tuan Nguyen , Khoa D Doan , Kok-Seng Wong

The security of integrated circuits (ICs) can be broken by sophisticated physical attacks relying on failure analysis methods. Optical probing is one of the most prominent examples of such attacks, which can be accomplished in a matter of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Saleh Khalaj Monfared , Kyle Mitard , Andrew Cannon , Domenic Forte , Shahin Tajik

Due to the globalization of semiconductor manufacturing and test processes, the system-on-a-chip (SoC) designers no longer design the complete SoC and manufacture chips on their own. This outsourcing of the design and manufacturing of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Ayush Jain , Ziqi Zhou , Ujjwal Guin

Logic locking "hides" the functionality of a digital circuit to protect it from counterfeiting, piracy, and malicious design modifications. The original design is transformed into a "locked" design such that the circuit reveals its correct…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Gourav Takhar , Ramesh Karri , Christian Pilato , Subhajit Roy

Intrusion detection into computer networks has become one of the most important issues in cybersecurity. Attackers keep on researching and coding to discover new vulnerabilities to penetrate information security system. In consequence…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Sergio Hidalgo-Espinoza , Kevin Chamorro-Cupueran , Oscar Chang-Tortolero

This paper proposes a simple yet effective jailbreak attack named FlipAttack against black-box LLMs. First, from the autoregressive nature, we reveal that LLMs tend to understand the text from left to right and find that they struggle to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Yue Liu , Xiaoxin He , Miao Xiong , Jinlan Fu , Shumin Deng , Yingwei Ma , Jiaheng Zhang , Bryan Hooi

Large language models (LLMs) possess extensive knowledge and question-answering capabilities, having been widely deployed in privacy-sensitive domains like finance and medical consultation. During LLM inferences, cache-sharing methods are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Xinyao Zheng , Husheng Han , Shangyi Shi , Qiyan Fang , Zidong Du , Xing Hu , Qi Guo

Learning formulas in Linear Temporal Logic (LTLf) from finite traces is a fundamental research problem which has found applications in artificial intelligence, software engineering, programming languages, formal methods, control of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Gabriel Bathie , Nathanaël Fijalkow , Théo Matricon , Baptiste Mouillon , Pierre Vandenhove