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Modular flavor symmetries refers to scenarios in which fermion masses respect modular symmetries. Such scenarios have been studied in the bottom-up approach and have an explicit realization in string theory. They rely on the remarkable…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-05-03 Michael Ratz

We investigate fermion mass hierarchies in models with modular flavor symmetries. Several key conclusions arise from the observation that the determinants of mass matrices transform as 1-dimensional vector-valued modular forms. We…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-01 Mu-Chun Chen , Xueqi Li , Xiang-Gan Liu , Michael Ratz

We study the moduli stabilization from the viewpoint of modular flavor symmetries. We systematically analyze stabilized moduli values in possible configurations of flux compactifications, investigating probabilities of moduli values and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-04-07 Keiya Ishiguro , Tatsuo Kobayashi , Hajime Otsuka

Modular flavor symmetries have been proposed as a new way to address the flavor problem. It is known that they can emerge from string compactifications. We discuss this connection in detail, and show how the congruence subgroups of SL(2,Z),…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-06-19 Xueqi Li , Xiang-Gan Liu , Hans Peter Nilles , Michael Ratz , Alex Stewart

Discrete flavor symmetries have been an appealing approach for explaining the observed flavor structure, which is not justified in the Standard Model (SM). Typically, these models require a so-called flavon field in order to give rise to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-12-18 Alexander Baur , Mu-Chun Chen , V. Knapp-Perez , Saul Ramos-Sanchez

We discuss how the moduli in modular flavor symmetric models dynamically select enhanced symmetry points at which the residual modular symmetry renders extra matter fields massless. The moduli dynamics non-perturbatively produces the extra…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-08-22 Shota Kikuchi , Tatsuo Kobayashi , Kaito Nasu , Yusuke Yamada

The idea of modular invariance provides a novel explanation of flavour mixing. Within the context of finite modular symmetries $\Gamma_N$ and for a given element $\gamma \in \Gamma_N$, we present an algorithm for finding stabilisers…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-12-02 Ivo de Medeiros Varzielas , Miguel Levy , Ye-Ling Zhou

We study flavor phenomenologies in a basis of a double covering of modular $A_4$ group with a hidden $SU(2)$ symmetry, in which we work on regions at nearby two fixed points and three special points. These special points of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-10-27 Keiya Ishiguro , Takaaki Nomura , Hiroshi Okada , Yuta Orikasa , Hajime Otsuka

We study the problem of modulus stabilisation in the framework of the modular symmetry approach to the flavour problem. By analysing simple UV-motivated CP-invariant potentials for the modulus $\tau$ we find that a class of these potentials…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-04-15 P. P. Novichkov , J. T. Penedo , S. T. Petcov

We review the modular flavor symmetric models of quarks and leptons focusing on our works. We present some flavor models of quarks and leptons by using finite modular groups and discuss the phenomenological implications. The modular flavor…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-07-19 Tatsuo Kobayashi , Morimitsu Tanimoto

Discrete flavor symmetries provide a promising approach to understand the flavor sector of the standard model of particle physics. Top-down (TD) explanations from string theory reveal two different types of such flavor symmetries:…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-05-06 Hans Peter Nilles , Saul Ramos-Sanchez

We discuss aspects of a promising top-down origin of flavor symmetries in particle physics. Modular transformations originating from string theory dualities are shown to play a crucial role. We introduce the notion of an "eclectic" flavor…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-08-30 Hans Peter Nilles , Saul Ramos-Sanchez

We study the flavor structures of zero-modes, which are originated from the modular symmetry on $T^2_1\times T^2_2$ and its orbifold with magnetic fluxes. We introduce the constraint on the moduli parameters by $\tau_2=N\tau_1$, where…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-09-05 Tatsuo Kobayashi , Kaito Nasu , Ryusei Nishida , Hajime Otsuka , Shohei Takada

We study the modular invariance in magnetized torus models. Modular invariant flavor model is a recently proposed hypothesis for solving the flavor puzzle, where the flavor symmetry originates from modular invariance. In this framework…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-10-21 Hiroshi Ohki , Shohei Uemura , Risa Watanabe

We revisit the modular flavor symmetry from a more general perspective. The scalar modular forms of principal congruence subgroups are extended to the vector-valued modular forms, then we have more possible finite modular groups including…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-04-13 Xiang-Gan Liu , Gui-Jun Ding

We study a symmetry breaking of residual flavor symmetries realized at fixed points of the moduli space. In the supersymmetric modular invariant theories, a small departure of the modulus from fixed points is required to realize fermion…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-09-13 Keiya Ishiguro , Hiroshi Okada , Hajime Otsuka

The simultaneous study of top-down and bottom-up approaches to modular flavor symmetry leads necessarily to the concept of eclectic flavor groups. These are nontrivial products of modular and traditional flavor symmetries that exhibit the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-03-18 Hans Peter Nilles , Saul Ramos-Sanchez , Patrick K. S. Vaudrevange

Theories of flavor operate at various scales. Recently it has been pointed out that in the context of modular flavor symmetries certain combinations of observables are highly constrained, or even uniquely fixed, by modular invariance and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-25 Mu-Chun Chen , Shaheed Perez , Michael Ratz

We develop a bottom-up approach to flavour models which combine modular symmetry with orbifold constructions. We first consider a 6d orbifold $\mathbb{T}^2/\mathbb{Z}_N$, with a single torus defined by one complex coordinate $z$ and a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-07-12 Francisco J. de Anda , Stephen F. King

In modular invariant models of flavor, observables must be modular invariant. The observables discussed so far in the literature are functions of the modulus $\tau$ and its conjugate, $\bar\tau$. We point out that certain combinations of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-01-11 Mu-Chun Chen , Xiang-Gan Liu , Xue-Qi Li , Omar Medina , Michael Ratz
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