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Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has emerged as a critical tool for interpreting the predictions of complex deep learning models. While XAI has been increasingly applied in various domains within acoustics, its use in bioacoustics,…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Zubair Faruqui , Mackenzie S. McIntire , Rahul Dubey , Jay McEntee

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is targeted at understanding how models perform feature selection and derive their classification decisions. This paper explores post-hoc explanations for deep neural networks in the audio domain.…

Adding explanations to audio deepfake detection (ADD) models will boost their real-world application by providing insight on the decision making process. In this paper, we propose a relevancy-based explainable AI (XAI) method to analyze the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Petr Grinberg , Ankur Kumar , Surya Koppisetti , Gaurav Bharaj

This paper quantifies the quality of heatmap-based eXplainable AI (XAI) methods w.r.t image classification problem. Here, a heatmap is considered desirable if it improves the probability of predicting the correct classes. Different XAI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Erico Tjoa , Hong Jing Khok , Tushar Chouhan , Guan Cuntai

The remarkable success of deep learning has prompted interest in its application to medical imaging diagnosis. Even though state-of-the-art deep learning models have achieved human-level accuracy on the classification of different types of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-20 Cristiano Patrício , João C. Neves , Luís F. Teixeira

Deep learning models have recently demonstrated remarkable results in a variety of tasks, which is why they are being increasingly applied in high-stake domains, such as industry, medicine, and finance. Considering that automatic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Ilija Šimić , Vedran Sabol , Eduardo Veas

Although deep neural networks hold the state-of-the-art in several remote sensing tasks, their black-box operation hinders the understanding of their decisions, concealing any bias and other shortcomings in datasets and model performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Ioannis Kakogeorgiou , Konstantinos Karantzalos

Voice disorders affect a significant portion of the population, and the ability to diagnose them using automated, non-invasive techniques would represent a substantial advancement in healthcare, improving the quality of life of patients.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-25 Davide Ghia , Gabriele Ciravegna , Alkis Koudounas , Marco Fantini , Erika Crosetti , Giovanni Succo , Tania Cerquitelli

Explainable AI (XAI) is commonly applied to anomalous sound detection (ASD) models to identify which time-frequency regions of an audio signal contribute to an anomaly decision. However, most audio explanations rely on qualitative…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Alexander Buck , Georgina Cosma , Iain Phillips , Paul Conway , Patrick Baker

Transfer learning is critical for efficient information transfer across multiple related learning problems. A simple, yet effective transfer learning approach utilizes deep neural networks trained on a large-scale task for feature…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Anurag Kumar , Yun Wang , Vamsi Krishna Ithapu , Christian Fuegen

Decision explanations of machine learning black-box models are often generated by applying Explainable AI (XAI) techniques. However, many proposed XAI methods produce unverified outputs. Evaluation and verification are usually achieved with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Udo Schlegel , Daniela Oelke , Daniel A. Keim , Mennatallah El-Assady

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has become a widely discussed topic, the related technologies facilitate better understanding of conventional black-box models like Random Forest, Neural Networks and etc. However, domain-specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Pap M. Corea , Yongxin Liu , Jian Wang , Shuteng Niu , Houbing Song

The support of artificial intelligence (AI) based decision-making is a key element in future 6G networks, where the concept of native AI will be introduced. Moreover, AI is widely employed in different critical applications such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Abdul Karim Gizzini , Yahia Medjahdi , Ali J. Ghandour , Laurent Clavier

The field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to improve the interpretability of black-box machine learning models. Building a heatmap based on the importance value of input features is a popular method for explaining the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Amirhossein Aminimehr , Pouya Khani , Amirali Molaei , Amirmohammad Kazemeini , Erik Cambria

Deep learning has significantly improved time series classification, yet the lack of explainability in these models remains a major challenge. While Explainable AI (XAI) techniques aim to make model decisions more transparent, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yannik Hahn , Antonin Königsfeld , Hasan Tercan , Tobias Meisen

Deep learning models are widely applied in the signal processing community, yet their inner working procedure is often treated as a black box. In this paper, we investigate the use of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-29 Luca Comanducci , Fabio Antonacci , Augusto Sarti

Explainable AI (XAI) has achieved remarkable success in image classification, yet the audio domain lacks equally mature solutions. Current methods apply vision-based attribution techniques to spectrograms, overlooking fundamental…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Piotr Kawa , Kornel Howil , Piotr Borycki , Miłosz Adamczyk , Przemysław Spurek , Piotr Syga

As climate change accelerates the frequency and severity of extreme events such as wildfires, the need for accurate, explainable, and actionable forecasting becomes increasingly urgent. While artificial intelligence (AI) models have shown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Kiana Vu , İsmet Selçuk Özer , Phung Lai , Zheng Wu , Thilanka Munasinghe , Jennifer Wei

eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims at providing understandable explanations of black box models. In this paper, we evaluate current XAI methods by scoring them based on ground truth simulations and sensitivity analysis. To this…

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into medicine is remarkable, offering advanced diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities. However, the inherent opacity of complex AI models presents significant challenges to their clinical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Binbin Wen , Yihang Wu , Tareef Daqqaq , Ahmad Chaddad
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