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High-dimensional quantum key distribution (QKD) offers higher information capacity and stronger resilience to noise compared to its binary counterpart. However, these advantages are often hindered by the difficulty of realizing the required…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-04 Ohad Lib , Kfir Sulimany , Mateus Araújo , Michael Ben-Or , Yaron Bromberg

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is emerging as a cutting-edge application of quantum technology, gradually integrating into the industrial landscape. Many protocols employing discrete or continuous variables have been developed over time.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Mattia Sabatini , Tommaso Bertapelle , Paolo Villoresi , Giuseppe Vallone , Marco Avesani

We have proposed an arbitrary vector beam (VB) generation scheme in a thin disk-shaped quantum dot (QD) medium considering phonon interaction. The QD biexciton system exhibits interplay between first and third-order nonlinear susceptibility…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-07 Samit Kumar Hazra , P. K. Pathak , Tarak Nath Dey

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (HD-QKD) enhances information efficiency and noise tolerance by encoding data in large Hilbert spaces. The orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light provides a scalable basis for such encoding and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Huan Zhang , Zhenyu Cao , Yu Sun , Hu Jin

Quantum key distributions (QKD) systems often rely on polarization of light for encoding, thus limiting the amount of information that can be sent per photon and placing tight bounds on the error that such a system can tolerate. Here we…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has convincingly been proven compatible with real life applications. Its wide-scale deployment in optical networks will benefit from an optical platform that allows miniature devices capable of encoding the…

Quantum communication over long distances is integral to information security and has been demonstrated in free space and fibre with two-dimensional polarisation states of light. Although increased bit rates can be achieved using…

We propose a schematic setup of quantum key distribution (QKD) with an improved secret key rate based on high-dimensional quantum states. Two degrees-of-freedom of a single photon, orbital angular momentum modes, and multi-path modes, are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-29 Yonggi Jo , Hee Su Park , Seung-Woo Lee , Wonmin Son

Complex vector light modes, characterized by a non-uniform transverse polarization distribution, have pervaded a wide range of research fields. In this study, we propose a novel approach that enables the simultaneous generation of multiple…

Optics · Physics 2023-11-29 Bo-Zhao , Jia-Yuan Wu , Xiang-Yu Yu , Xiao-Bo Hu , Carmelo Rosales-Guzmán

Programmable optical circuits form a key part of quantum technologies today, ranging from transceivers for quantum communication to integrated photonic chips for quantum information processing. As the size of such circuits is increased,…

Vector beams (VBs) are fully polarized beams with spatially varying polarization distributions, and they have found widespread use in numerous applications such as microscopy, metrology, optical trapping, nano-photonics, and communications.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-23 Xiaoqin Gao , Yingwen Zhang , Alessio D'Errico , Alicia Sit , Khabat Heshami , Ebrahim Karimi

Ultracold atoms, typically manipulated by scalar beams with uniform polarization, have propelled advances in quantum simulation, computation, and metrology. Yet, vector beams (VBs) -- structured light with spatially varying polarization --…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2026-03-25 Huan Wang , Shangguo Zhu , Yun Long , Mingbo Pu , Xiangang Luo

The ability to create phase-controlled pulses of light with wavelength tunability has applications spanning quantum and classical communications networks. Traditionally, optical transmitters are able to either produce phase-controlled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-19 B. Griffiths , Y. S. Lo , J. F. Dynes , R. I. Woodward , A. J. Shields

We present a silicon optical transmitter for polarization-encoded quantum key distribution (QKD). The chip was fabricated in a standard silicon photonic foundry process and integrated a pulse generator, intensity modulator, variable optical…

Silicon-based polarization-encoding quantum key distribution (QKD) has been widely studied, owing to its low cost and robustness. However, prior studies have utilized off-chip devices to demodulate the quantum states or perform polarization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-09 Yongqiang Du , Xun Zhu , Xin Hua , Zhengeng Zhao , Xiao Hu , Yi Qian , Xi Xiao , Kejin Wei

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a cutting-edge field that leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to enable secure communication between parties involved. Single-photon quantum emitters offer remarkable on-demand photon emission,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Paolo Barigelli , Francesco Sirovich , Gonzalo Carvacho , Fabio Sciarrino

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) enables two remote parties to establish information-theoretically secure keys and offers high practical feasibility due to its compatibility with mature coherent optical communication…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-18 Yanhao Sun , Jiayu Ma , Xiangyu Wang , Song Yu , Ziyang Chen , Hong Guo

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is the fastest-growing and relatively mature technology in the field of quantum information, enabling information-theoretically secure key distribution between two remote users. Although QKD based on…

We report a low-cost method for generating cylindrical vector beams using binary holograms printed on acetate sheets and a modified Michelson interferometer incorporating a cylindrical-lens mode converter. By simply exchanging the hologram…

Visible wavelengths of light control the quantum matter of atoms and molecules and are foundational for quantum technologies, including computers, sensors, and clocks. The development of visible integrated photonics opens the possibility…

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