Rotational-invariant quantum key distribution based on a quantum dot source
Abstract
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a cutting-edge field that leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to enable secure communication between parties involved. Single-photon quantum emitters offer remarkable on-demand photon emission, near-unitary indistinguishability, and low multiphoton generation, thereby enhancing the performance of QKD protocols. Standard approaches in which the polarization degree-of-freedom is exploited are limited by the precise alignment between the communicating parties. To overcome this obstacle, the Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) of light represents a suitable candidate for encoding the information, as it allows the implementation of rotational-invariant photonic states that remove the need for a fixed physical reference frame between the communicating parties. Here, we report the implementation of an on-demand, rotational-invariant BB84-QKD protocol achieved by exploiting a bright quantum dot source, active time-to-spatial demultiplexing, and Q-plate devices with a space-variant pattern to encode hybrid photonic states. Our findings suggest a viable direction for the use of rotational-invariant hybrid states in on-demand QKD protocols, potentially enhancing security and robustness in complex operational scenarios.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2506.23172,
title = {Rotational-invariant quantum key distribution based on a quantum dot source},
author = {Paolo Barigelli and Francesco Sirovich and Gonzalo Carvacho and Fabio Sciarrino},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.23172},
year = {2025}
}