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The incorporation of stochastic loads and generation into the operation of power grids gives rise to an exposure to stochastic risk. This risk has been addressed in prior work through a variety of mechanisms, such as scenario generation or…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-11-06 Daniel Bienstock , Apurv Shukla

Linear optimal power flow (LOPF) algorithms use a linearization of the alternating current (AC) load flow equations to optimize generator dispatch in a network subject to the loading constraints of the network branches. Common algorithms…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2018-02-01 Jonas Hörsch , Henrik Ronellenfitsch , Dirk Witthaut , Tom Brown

Bilevel optimization has emerged as a technique for addressing a wide range of machine learning problems that involve an outer objective implicitly determined by the minimizer of an inner problem. While prior works have primarily focused on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Fares El Khoury , Edouard Pauwels , Samuel Vaiter , Michael Arbel

The optimal power flow (OPF) problem, which plays a central role in operating electrical networks is considered. The problem is nonconvex and is in fact NP hard. Therefore, designing efficient algorithms of practical relevance is crucial,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-08-20 S. Magnússon , P. C. Weeraddana , C. Fischione

Access to realistic transmission grid models is essential for power systems research, yet detailed network data in the United States remains restricted under critical-infrastructure regulations. We present a pipeline that constructs…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-07 Andrea Britto , Thiago Spina , Weiwei Yang , Spencer Fowers , Baosen Zhang , Chris White

This paper introduces a novel distributed optimization framework for large-scale AC Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problems, offering both theoretical convergence guarantees and rapid convergence in practice. By integrating smoothing techniques…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Xinliang Dai , Yuning Jiang , Yi Guo , Colin N. Jones , Moritz Diehl , Veit Hagenmeyer

In recent years, the power systems research community has seen an explosion of novel methods for formulating the AC power flow equations. Consequently, benchmarking studies using the seminal AC Optimal Power Flow (AC-OPF) problem have…

Machine learning algorithms, especially Neural Networks (NNs), are a valuable tool used to approximate non-linear relationships, like the AC-Optimal Power Flow (AC-OPF), with considerable accuracy -- and achieving a speedup of several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Rahul Nellikkath , Spyros Chatzivasileiadis

The stochastic and dynamic nature of renewable energy sources and power electronic devices are creating unique challenges for modern power systems. One such challenge is that the conventional mathematical systems models-based optimal active…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-09-02 Jiajun Duan , Haifeng Li , Xiaohu Zhang , Ruisheng Diao , Bei Zhang , Di Shi , Xiao Lu , Zhiwei Wang , Siqi Wang

The increasing decentralization of power systems driven by a large number of renewable energy sources poses challenges in power flow optimization. Partially unknown power line properties can render model-based approaches unsuitable. With…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-30 Sebastian Otzen , Hannes M. H. Wolf , Christian A. Hans

This paper proposes a two-level distributed algorithmic framework for solving the AC optimal power flow (OPF) problem with convergence guarantees. The presence of highly nonconvex constraints in OPF poses significant challenges to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-14 Kaizhao Sun , Xu Andy Sun

We consider the problem of computing equilibria (steady-states) for droop-controlled, islanded, AC microgrids that are both economic-optimal and dynamically stable. This work is motivated by the observation that classical optimal power flow…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Sungho Shin , Victor M. Zavala

Optimal power flow (OPF) is considered for microgrids, with the objective of minimizing either the power distribution losses, or, the cost of power drawn from the substation and supplied by distributed generation (DG) units, while effecting…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-17 Emiliano Dall'Anese , Hao Zhu , Georgios B. Giannakis

Data augmentation refers to a wide range of techniques for improving model generalization by augmenting training examples. Oftentimes such methods require domain knowledge about the dataset at hand, spawning a plethora of recent literature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-05 Heejung W. Chung , Avoy Datta , Chris Waites

Electric power grids are essential components of modern life, delivering reliable power to end-users while adhering to a multitude of engineering constraints and requirements. In grid operations, the Optimal Power Flow problem plays a key…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 Mostafa Mohammadian , Anna Van Boven , Kyri Baker

With the increasing penetration of renewable energy, traditional physics-based power system operation faces growing challenges in achieving economic efficiency, stability, and robustness. Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a powerful tool…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Wangkun Xu , Zhongda Chu , Fei Teng

Optimisation and simulation models for the design and operation of grid-connected distributed energy systems (DES) often exclude the inherent nonlinearities related to power flow and generation and storage units, to maintain an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-05 Ishanki A. De Mel , Oleksiy V. Klymenko , Michael Short

In this paper, we propose a risk-based data-driven approach to optimal power flow (DROPF) with dynamic line rating. The risk terms, including penalties for load shedding, wind generation curtailment and line overload, are embedded into the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-12-22 Cheng Wang , Rui Gao , Feng Qiu , Jianhui Wang , Linwei Xin

This paper demonstrates the scalability of open-source GPU-accelerated nonlinear programming (NLP) frameworks -- ExaModels.jl and MadNLP.jl -- for solving multi-period alternating current (AC) optimal power flow (OPF) problems on GPUs with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-24 Sungho Shin , Vishwas Rao , Michel Schanen , D. Adrian Maldonado , Mihai Anitescu

Recently there has been increasing interest in improving smart grids efficiency using computational intelligence. A key challenge in future smart grid is designing Optimal Power Flow tool to solve important planning problems including…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Adnan Anwar , A. N. Mahmood