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We study the 2-Disjoint Shortest Paths (2-DSP) problem: given a directed weighted graph and two terminal pairs $(s_1,t_1)$ and $(s_2,t_2)$, decide whether there exist vertex-disjoint shortest paths between each pair. Building on recent…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Keerti Choudhary , Amit Kumar , Lakshay Saggi

We give the first fully dynamic algorithm which maintains a $(1-\epsilon)$-approximate densest subgraph in worst-case time $\text{poly}(\log n, \epsilon^{-1})$ per update. Dense subgraph discovery is an important primitive for many…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Saurabh Sawlani , Junxing Wang

The girth of a graph, i.e. the length of its shortest cycle, is a fundamental graph parameter. Unfortunately all known algorithms for computing, even approximately, the girth and girth-related structures in directed weighted $m$-edge and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Jakub Pachocki , Liam Roditty , Aaron Sidford , Roei Tov , Virginia Vassilevska Williams

A low out-degree orientation directs each edge of an undirected graph with the goal of minimizing the maximum out-degree of a vertex. In the parallel batch-dynamic setting, one can insert or delete batches of edges, and the goal is to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Guy Blelloch , Andrew Brady , Laxman Dhulipala , Jeremy Fineman , Kishen Gowda , Chase Hutton

Preferential attachment lies at the heart of many network models aiming to replicate features of real world networks. To simulate the attachment process, conduct statistical tests, or obtain input data for benchmarks, efficient algorithms…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Daniel Allendorf , Ulrich Meyer , Manuel Penschuck , Hung Tran

There has been a rise in the popularity of algebraic methods for graph algorithms given the development of the GraphBLAS library and other sparse matrix methods. An exemplar for these approaches is Breadth-First Search (BFS). The algebraic…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Paul Burkhardt

We present the first $m\,\text{polylog}(n)$ work, $\text{polylog}(n)$ time algorithm in the PRAM model that computes $(1+\epsilon)$-approximate single-source shortest paths on weighted, undirected graphs. This improves upon the breakthrough…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Jason Li

Breadth-first Search (BFS) is one of the most important graph processing subroutines, especially for computing the unweighted distance. Many applications may require running BFS from multiple sources. Sequentially, when running BFS on a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Letong Wang , Guy Blelloch , Yan Gu , Yihan Sun

We present a work-efficient parallel level-synchronous Breadth First Search (BFS) algorithm for shared-memory architectures which achieves the theoretical lower bound on parallel running time. The optimality holds regardless of the shape of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Jesmin Jahan Tithi , Yonatan Fogel , Rezaul Chowdhury

As a fundamental topic in graph mining, Densest Subgraph Discovery (DSD) has found a wide spectrum of real applications. Several DSD algorithms, including exact and approximation algorithms, have been proposed in the literature. However,…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Yingli Zhou , Qingshuo Guo , Yi Yang , Yixiang Fang , Chenhao Ma , Laks Lakshmanan

We initiate the study of approximation algorithms and computational barriers for constructing sparse $\alpha$-navigable graphs [IX23, DGM+24], a core primitive underlying recent advances in graph-based nearest neighbor search. Given an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Sanjeev Khanna , Ashwin Padaki , Erik Waingarten

We study the problem of finding the cycle of minimum cost-to-time ratio in a directed graph with $ n $ nodes and $ m $ edges. This problem has a long history in combinatorial optimization and has recently seen interesting applications in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Karl Bringmann , Thomas Dueholm Hansen , Sebastian Krinninger

We call a graph $G$ separable if a balanced separator can be computed for $G$ of size $O(n^c)$ with $c<1$. Many real-world graphs are separable such as graphs of bounded genus, graphs of constant treewidth, and graphs excluding a fixed…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Michael Elberfeld , Frank Kammer , Johannes Meintrup

On an evolving graph that is continuously updated by a high-velocity stream of edges, how can one efficiently maintain if two vertices are connected? This is the connectivity problem, a fundamental and widely studied problem on graphs. We…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-02-18 Natcha Simsiri , Kanat Tangwongsan , Srikanta Tirthapura , Kun-Lung Wu

Depth-first search (DFS) is the basis for many efficient graph algorithms. We introduce general techniques for the efficient implementation of DFS-based graph algorithms and exemplify them on three algorithms for computing strongly…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-03-30 Kurt Mehlhorn , Stefan Näher , Peter Sanders

Motivated by a sampling problem basic to computational statistical inference, we develop a nearly optimal algorithm for a fundamental problem in spectral graph theory and numerical analysis. Given an $n\times n$ SDDM matrix ${\bf…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-10-21 Dehua Cheng , Yu Cheng , Yan Liu , Richard Peng , Shang-Hua Teng

We study the classical scheduling problem on parallel machines %with precedence constraints where the precedence graph has the bounded depth $h$. Our goal is to minimize the maximum completion time. We focus on developing approximation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Bin Fu , Yumei Huo , Hairong Zhao

In this paper we propose an online approximate k-nn graph building algorithm, which is able to quickly update a k-nn graph using a flow of data points. One very important step of the algorithm consists in using the current distributed graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-02-23 Thibault Debatty , Pietro Michiardi , Wim Mees

Breadth-first search (BFS) is a fundamental graph algorithm that presents significant challenges for parallel implementation due to irregular memory access patterns, load imbalance and synchronization overhead. In this paper, we introduce a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Marati Bhaskar , Raghavendra Kanakagiri

Calculating the diameter of an undirected graph requires quadratic running time under the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis and this barrier works even against any approximation better than 3/2. For planar graphs with positive edge…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Michał Włodarczyk