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We consider the problem of finding anomalies in high-dimensional data using popular PCA based anomaly scores. The naive algorithms for computing these scores explicitly compute the PCA of the covariance matrix which uses space quadratic in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Vatsal Sharan , Parikshit Gopalan , Udi Wieder

X-ray baggage security screening is widely used to maintain aviation and transport security. Of particular interest is the focus on automated security X-ray analysis for particular classes of object such as electronics, electrical items,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Yona Falinie A. Gaus , Neelanjan Bhowmik , Samet Akçay , Paolo M. Guillen-Garcia , Jack W. Barker , Toby P. Breckon

Designing neural networks typically relies on manual trial and error or a neural architecture search (NAS) followed by weight training. The former is time-consuming and labor-intensive, while the latter often discretizes architecture search…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Zitong Huang , Mansooreh Montazerin , Ajitesh Srivastava

Automated surface-anomaly detection using machine learning has become an interesting and promising area of research, with a very high and direct impact on the application domain of visual inspection. Deep-learning methods have become the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Domen Tabernik , Samo Šela , Jure Skvarč , Danijel Skočaj

Detecting anomaly patterns from images is a crucial artificial intelligence technique in industrial applications. Recent research in this domain has emphasized the necessity of a large volume of training data, overlooking the practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Shenxing Wei , Xing Wei , Zhiheng Ma , Songlin Dong , Shaochen Zhang , Yihong Gong

Detecting novel anomalies in medical imaging is challenging due to the limited availability of labeled data for rare abnormalities, which often display high variability and subtlety. This challenge is further compounded when small abnormal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Jingkun Chen , Guang Yang , Xiao Zhang , Jingchao Peng , Tianlu Zhang , Jianguo Zhang , Jungong Han , Vicente Grau

Zero-shot anomaly segmentation using pre-trained foundation models is a promising approach that enables effective algorithms without expensive, domain-specific training or fine-tuning. Ensuring that these methods work across various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Kevin Stangl , Marius Arvinte , Weilin Xu , Cory Cornelius

Neural architecture search (NAS) has witnessed prevailing success in image classification and (very recently) segmentation tasks. In this paper, we present the first preliminary study on introducing the NAS algorithm to generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Xinyu Gong , Shiyu Chang , Yifan Jiang , Zhangyang Wang

Radiography imaging protocols focus on particular body regions, therefore producing images of great similarity and yielding recurrent anatomical structures across patients. Exploiting this structured information could potentially ease the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-14 Tiange Xiang , Yixiao Zhang , Yongyi Lu , Alan Yuille , Chaoyi Zhang , Weidong Cai , Zongwei Zhou

We focus on a specific use case in anomaly detection where the distribution of normal samples is supported by a lower-dimensional manifold. Here, regularized autoencoders provide a popular approach by learning the identity mapping on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Alexander Bauer , Shinichi Nakajima , Klaus-Robert Müller

In this paper, we propose a Neural Architecture Search strategy based on self supervision and semi-supervised learning for the task of semantic segmentation. Our approach builds an optimized neural network (NN) model for this task by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Loïc Pauletto , Massih-Reza Amini , Nicolas Winckler

Anomaly detection is a key research challenge in computer vision and machine learning with applications in many fields from quality control to radar imaging. In radar imaging, specifically synthetic aperture radar (SAR), anomaly detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Lucian Chauvin , Somil Gupta , Angelina Ibarra , Joshua Peeples

In recent years, anomaly detection has become an essential field in medical image analysis. Most current anomaly detection methods for medical images are based on image reconstruction. In this work, we propose a novel anomaly detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Florentin Bieder , Julia Wolleb , Robin Sandkühler , Philippe C. Cattin

Recently, the weight-sharing technique has significantly speeded up the training and evaluation procedure of neural architecture search. However, most existing weight-sharing strategies are solely based on experience or observation, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Jianxiang Luo , Junyi Hu , Tianji Pang , Weihao Huang , Chuang Liu

An effective and efficient architecture performance evaluation scheme is essential for the success of Neural Architecture Search (NAS). To save computational cost, most of existing NAS algorithms often train and evaluate intermediate neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-27 Yixing Xu , Yunhe Wang , Kai Han , Yehui Tang , Shangling Jui , Chunjing Xu , Chang Xu

The recent progress of deep convolutional neural networks has enabled great success in single image super-resolution (SISR) and many other vision tasks. Their performances are also being increased by deepening the networks and developing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Joon Young Ahn , Nam Ik Cho

The recent rapid development of deep learning has laid a milestone in industrial Image Anomaly Detection (IAD). In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of deep learning-based image anomaly detection techniques, from the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Jiaqi Liu , Guoyang Xie , Jinbao Wang , Shangnian Li , Chengjie Wang , Feng Zheng , Yaochu Jin

We propose a novel neural architecture search algorithm via reinforcement learning by decoupling structure and operation search processes. Our approach samples candidate models from the multinomial distribution on the policy vectors defined…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Heung-Chang Lee , Do-Guk Kim , Bohyung Han

The search space of neural architecture search (NAS) for convolutional neural network (CNN) is huge. To reduce searching cost, most NAS algorithms use fixed outer network level structure, and search the repeatable cell structure only. Such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Chunnan Wang , Hongzhi Wang , Guosheng Feng , Fei Geng

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) has become an essential tool for designing effective and efficient neural networks. In this paper, we investigate the geometric properties of neural architecture spaces commonly used in differentiable NAS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Matteo Gambella , Fabrizio Pittorino , Manuel Roveri