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A long-standing challenge in developing accurate recommendation models is simulating user behavior, mainly due to the complex and stochastic nature of user interactions. Towards this, one promising line of work has been the use of Large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Himanshu Thakur , Eshani Agrawal , Smruthi Mukund

While previous conversational information-seeking (CIS) research has focused on passage retrieval, reranking, and query rewriting, the challenge of synthesizing retrieved information into coherent responses remains. The proposed research…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Weronika Łajewska

User simulators are essential to conversational AI, enabling scalable agent development and evaluation through simulated interactions. While current Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced user simulation capabilities, we reveal that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shuhaib Mehri , Xiaocheng Yang , Takyoung Kim , Gokhan Tur , Shikib Mehri , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Conversational Product Search ( CPS ) systems interact with users via natural language to offer personalized and context-aware product lists. However, most existing research on CPS is limited to simulated conversations, due to the lack of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Jie Zou , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Evangelos Kanoulas , Shuxi Han , Heli Ma , Zheng Wang , Yang Yang , Heng Tao Shen

Large, human-annotated datasets are central to the development of natural language processing models. Collecting these datasets can be the most challenging part of the development process. We address this problem by introducing a general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Alana Marzoev , Samuel Madden , M. Frans Kaashoek , Michael Cafarella , Jacob Andreas

Voice-based systems like Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant, and Apple Siri, along with the growing popularity of OpenAI's ChatGPT and Microsoft's Copilot, serve diverse populations, including visually impaired and low-literacy communities.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Sachin Pathiyan Cherumanal , Falk Scholer , Johanne R. Trippas , Damiano Spina

Design of dialogue systems has witnessed many advances lately, yet acquiring huge set of data remains an hindrance to their fast development for a new task or language. Besides, training interactive systems with batch data is not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Matthieu Riou , Bassam Jabaian , Stéphane Huet , Fabrice Lefèvre

Embodied agents designed to assist users with tasks must engage in natural language interactions, interpret instructions, execute actions, and communicate effectively to resolve issues. However, collecting large-scale, diverse datasets of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Daniel Philipov , Vardhan Dongre , Gokhan Tur , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Functional fixedness, a cognitive bias that restricts users' interactions with a new system or tool to expected or familiar ways, limits the full potential of Large Language Model (LLM)-enabled chat search, especially in complex and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Jiqun Liu , Jamshed Karimnazarov , Ryen W. White

Conversational search requires accurate interpretation of user intent from complex multi-turn contexts. This paper presents ChatRetriever, which inherits the strong generalization capability of large language models to robustly represent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Kelong Mao , Chenlong Deng , Haonan Chen , Fengran Mo , Zheng Liu , Tetsuya Sakai , Zhicheng Dou

In Conversational Recommendation Systems (CRS), a user can provide feedback on recommended items at each interaction turn, leading the CRS towards more desirable recommendations. Currently, different types of CRS offer various possibilities…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Maria Vlachou , Craig Macdonald

Recommender systems are software applications that help users to find items of interest in situations of information overload. Current research often assumes a one-shot interaction paradigm, where the users' preferences are estimated based…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Dietmar Jannach , Ahtsham Manzoor , Wanling Cai , Li Chen

By simply composing prompts, developers can prototype novel generative applications with Large Language Models (LLMs). To refine prototypes into products, however, developers must iteratively revise prompts by evaluating outputs to diagnose…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Tae Soo Kim , Yoonjoo Lee , Jamin Shin , Young-Ho Kim , Juho Kim

Ghosting, the ability to predict a user's intended text input for inline query auto-completion, is an invaluable feature for modern search engines and chat interfaces, greatly enhancing user experience. By suggesting completions to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Sandeep Mishra , Anubhab Mandal , Bishal Santra , Tushar Abhishek , Pawan Goyal , Manish Gupta

A Conversational Recommender System (CRS) offers increased transparency and control to users by enabling them to engage with the system through a real-time multi-turn dialogue. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited an…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve near-human performance on standard benchmarks, their capabilities often fail to generalize to complex, real-world problems. To bridge this gap, we introduce DeepQuestion, a scalable, automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Ali Khoramfar , Ali Ramezani , Mohammad Mahdi Mohajeri , Mohammad Javad Dousti , Majid Nili Ahmadabadi , Heshaam Faili

Asking clarifying questions in response to search queries has been recognized as a useful technique for revealing the underlying intent of the query. Clarification has applications in retrieval systems with different interfaces, from the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Hamed Zamani , Bhaskar Mitra , Everest Chen , Gord Lueck , Fernando Diaz , Paul N. Bennett , Nick Craswell , Susan T. Dumais

Through the advancement in natural language processing (NLP), specifically in speech recognition, fully automated complex systems functioning on voice input have started proliferating in areas such as home automation. These systems have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Tanmay Kulkarni , Yuvraj Pardeshi , Yash Shah , Vaishnvi Sakat , Sapana Bhirud

Conversational recommender systems (CRS) enhance user experience through multi-turn interactions, yet evaluating CRS remains challenging. User simulators can provide comprehensive evaluations through interactions with CRS, but building…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Luyu Chen , Quanyu Dai , Zeyu Zhang , Xueyang Feng , Mingyu Zhang , Pengcheng Tang , Xu Chen , Yue Zhu , Zhenhua Dong

Conversational query rewriting is crucial for effective conversational search, yet traditional supervised methods require substantial labeled data, which is scarce in low-resource settings. This paper introduces Prompt-Guided In-Context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Raymond Wilson , Chase Carter , Cole Graham