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Attentional Neural Network is a new framework that integrates top-down cognitive bias and bottom-up feature extraction in one coherent architecture. The top-down influence is especially effective when dealing with high noise or difficult…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-11-20 Qian Wang , Jiaxing Zhang , Sen Song , Zheng Zhang

Transformer architectures have achieved state-of-the-art results on a variety of sequence modeling tasks. However, their attention mechanism comes with a quadratic complexity in sequence lengths, making the computational overhead…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Hao Peng , Jungo Kasai , Nikolaos Pappas , Dani Yogatama , Zhaofeng Wu , Lingpeng Kong , Roy Schwartz , Noah A. Smith

The transformer is the most popular neural architecture for language modeling. The cornerstone of the transformer is its global attention mechanism, which lets the model aggregate information from all preceding tokens before generating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jiaoda Li , Ryan Cotterell

The Transformer model architecture has become one of the most widely used in deep learning and the attention mechanism is at its core. The standard attention formulation uses a softmax operation applied to a scaled dot product between query…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Hariprasath Govindarajan , Per Sidén , Jacob Roll , Fredrik Lindsten

Equivariance to symmetries has proven to be a powerful inductive bias in deep learning research. Recent works on mesh processing have concentrated on various kinds of natural symmetries, including translations, rotations, scaling, node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Sourya Basu , Jose Gallego-Posada , Francesco Viganò , James Rowbottom , Taco Cohen

Memory is fundamental to intelligence, enabling learning, reasoning, and adaptability across biological and artificial systems. While Transformer architectures excel at sequence modeling, they face critical limitations in long-range context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Parsa Omidi , Xingshuai Huang , Axel Laborieux , Bahareh Nikpour , Tianyu Shi , Armaghan Eshaghi

While attention has been empirically shown to improve model performance, it lacks a rigorous mathematical justification. This short paper establishes a novel connection between attention mechanisms and multinomial regression. Specifically,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jonas A. Actor , Anthony Gruber , Eric C. Cyr

The state of the art in learning meaningful semantic representations of words is the Transformer model and its attention mechanisms. Simply put, the attention mechanisms learn to attend to specific parts of the input dispensing recurrence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Dongsheng Wang , Casper Hansen , Lucas Chaves Lima , Christian Hansen , Maria Maistro , Jakob Grue Simonsen , Christina Lioma

This document provides a brief introduction to the attention mechanism used in modern language models based on the Transformer architecture. We first illustrate how text is encoded as vectors and how the attention mechanism processes these…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Michel Fabrice Serret

With the advent of large models based on the Transformer architecture, researchers have observed an anomalous phenomenon in the Attention mechanism--there is a very high attention on the first element, which is prevalent across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Ruiqing Yan , Xingbo Du , Haoyu Deng , Linghan Zheng , Qiuzhuang Sun , Jifang Hu , Yuhang Shao , Penghao Jiang , Jinrong Jiang , Lian Zhao

The neural attention mechanism plays an important role in many natural language processing applications. In particular, the use of multi-head attention extends single-head attention by allowing a model to jointly attend information from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Bang An , Jie Lyu , Zhenyi Wang , Chunyuan Li , Changwei Hu , Fei Tan , Ruiyi Zhang , Yifan Hu , Changyou Chen

We study the design of learning architectures for behavioural planning in a dense traffic setting. Such architectures should deal with a varying number of nearby vehicles, be invariant to the ordering chosen to describe them, while staying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Edouard Leurent , Jean Mercat

Unneeded elements in the attention's context degrade performance. We introduce Selective Attention, a simple parameter-free change to the standard attention mechanism which reduces attention to unneeded elements. Selective attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Yaniv Leviathan , Matan Kalman , Yossi Matias

The self-attention mechanism, now central to deep learning architectures such as Transformers, is a modern instance of a more general computational principle: learning and using pairwise affinity matrices to control how information flows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Giorgio Roffo

Attention is a key component of Transformers, which have recently achieved considerable success in natural language processing. Hence, attention is being extensively studied to investigate various linguistic capabilities of Transformers,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Goro Kobayashi , Tatsuki Kuribayashi , Sho Yokoi , Kentaro Inui

Attention mechanisms form a core component of several successful deep learning architectures, and are based on one key idea: ''The output depends only on a small (but unknown) segment of the input.'' In several practical applications like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Lakshmi Narayan Pandey , Rahul Vashisht , Harish G. Ramaswamy

The success of Transformer language models is widely credited to their dot-product attention mechanism, which interweaves a set of key design principles: mixing information across positions (enabling multi-token interactions),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Huiyin Xue , Nafise Sadat Moosavi , Nikolaos Aletras

Neural fields model signals by mapping coordinate inputs to sampled values. They are becoming an increasingly important backbone architecture across many fields from vision and graphics to biology and astronomy. In this paper, we explore…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Daniel Rebain , Mark J. Matthews , Kwang Moo Yi , Gopal Sharma , Dmitry Lagun , Andrea Tagliasacchi

Attention mechanism plays a dominant role in the sequence generation models and has been used to improve the performance of machine translation and abstractive text summarization. Different from neural machine translation, in the task of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Piji Li , Lidong Bing , Zhongyu Wei , Wai Lam

We propose a new attention mechanism for neural based question answering, which depends on varying granularities of the input. Previous work focused on augmenting recurrent neural networks with simple attention mechanisms which are a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-21 Yoram Bachrach , Andrej Zukov-Gregoric , Sam Coope , Ed Tovell , Bogdan Maksak , Jose Rodriguez , Conan McMurtie
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