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We present a novel approach to graph drawing based on reinforcement learning for minimizing the global and the local crossing number, that is, the total number of edge crossings and the maximum number of crossings on any edge, respectively.…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Timo Brand , Henry Förster , Stephen Kobourov , Robin Schukrafft , Markus Wallinger , Johannes Zink

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress, their proficiency in graph-related tasks remains notably limited, hindering the development of truly general-purpose models. Previous attempts, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Xiaojun Guo , Ang Li , Yifei Wang , Stefanie Jegelka , Yisen Wang

Degree Based Logical Adjacency Checking (DBLAC). An efficient coloring of graphs with unique logical AND operations. The logical AND operation shows more effective color assignment and fewer number of induced colors in the case of common…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Prashant Verma

In recent years, deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been successful in various combinatorial search domains, such as two-player games and scientific discovery. However, directly applying deep RL in planning domains is still challenging.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Dieqiao Feng , Carla P. Gomes , Bart Selman

We study a variation of the graph colouring problem on random graphs of finite average connectivity. Given the number of colours, we aim to maximise the number of different colours at neighbouring vertices (i.e. one edge distance) of any…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 S. Bounkong , J. van Mourik , D. Saad

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has empowered a variety of artificial intelligence fields, including pattern recognition, robotics, recommendation-systems, and gaming. Similarly, graph neural networks (GNN) have also demonstrated their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Sai Munikoti , Deepesh Agarwal , Laya Das , Mahantesh Halappanavar , Balasubramaniam Natarajan

Subgraph matching is a fundamental problem in various fields that use graph structured data. Subgraph matching algorithms enumerate all isomorphic embeddings of a query graph q in a data graph G. An important branch of matching algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Hanchen Wang , Ying Zhang , Lu Qin , Wei Wang , Wenjie Zhang , Xuemin Lin

Natural question generation (QG) aims to generate questions from a passage and an answer. Previous works on QG either (i) ignore the rich structure information hidden in text, (ii) solely rely on cross-entropy loss that leads to issues like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Yu Chen , Lingfei Wu , Mohammed J. Zaki

We solve, in a fully decentralised way (\ie with no message passing), the classic problem of colouring a graph. We propose a novel algorithm that is automatically responsive to topology changes, and we prove that it converges quickly to a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-09-05 Alessandro Checco , Douglas J. Leith

Given a large social or information network, how can we partition the vertices into sets (i.e., colors) such that no two vertices linked by an edge are in the same set while minimizing the number of sets used. Despite the obvious practical…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-08-27 Ryan A. Rossi , Nesreen K. Ahmed

Identifying the sets of operations that can be executed simultaneously is an important problem appearing in many parallel applications. By modeling the operations and their interactions as a graph, one can identify the independent…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-07-28 Ahmet Erdem Sarıyüce , Erik Saule , Ümit V. Çatalyürek

Graph colouring is a combinatorial optimisation problem with applications in several important domains, including sports scheduling, cartography, street map navigation, and timetabling. It is also of significant theoretical interest and a…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-02-23 Rhyd Lewis

The graph contrastive learning (GCL) framework has gained remarkable achievements in graph representation learning. However, similar to graph neural networks (GNNs), GCL models are susceptible to graph structural attacks. As an unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Yulin Zhu , Xing Ai , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik , Kai Zhou

Graph contrastive learning (GCL) has recently emerged as a new concept which allows for capitalizing on the strengths of graph neural networks (GNNs) to learn rich representations in a wide variety of applications which involve abundant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Yuzhou Chen , Jose Frias , Yulia R. Gel

Bundling of graph edges (node-to-node connections) is a common technique to enhance visibility of overall trends in the edge structure of a large graph layout, and a large variety of bundling algorithms have been proposed. However, with…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-09-06 Jaakko Peltonen , Ziyuan Lin

We show how graph neural networks can be used to solve the canonical graph coloring problem. We frame graph coloring as a multi-class node classification problem and utilize an unsupervised training strategy based on the statistical physics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Martin J. A. Schuetz , J. Kyle Brubaker , Zhihuai Zhu , Helmut G. Katzgraber

We introduce two novel evolutionary formulations of the problem of coloring the nodes of a graph. The first formulation is based on the relationship that exists between a graph's chromatic number and its acyclic orientations. It views such…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2007-05-23 V. C. Barbosa , C. A. G. Assis , J. O. do Nascimento

Register allocation is one of the most important problems for modern compilers. With a practically unlimited number of user variables and a small number of CPU registers, assigning variables to registers without conflicts is a complex task.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Chase Cummins , Richard Veras

One method to obtain a proper vertex coloring of graphs using a reasonable number of colors is to start from any arbitrary proper coloring and then repeat some local re-coloring techniques to reduce the number of color classes. The Grundy…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Manouchehr Zaker

This paper focuses on learning representation on the whole graph level in an unsupervised manner. Learning graph-level representation plays an important role in a variety of real-world issues such as molecule property prediction, protein…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Ge Wang , Zelin Zang , Jiangbin Zheng , Jun Xia , Stan Z. Li