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We introduce the general catalysts for pure entanglement transformations under local operations and classical communications in such a way that we disregard the profit and loss of entanglement of the catalysts per se. As such, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Wei Song , Yan Huang , Nai-Le Liu , Zeng-Bing Chen

In communication complexity the input of a function $f:X\times Y\rightarrow Z$ is distributed between two players Alice and Bob. If Alice knows only $x\in X$ and Bob only $y\in Y$, how much information must Alice and Bob share to be able to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Simon Mackenzie , Abdallah Saffidine

Given two real numbers, the $L^2$ functions whose Fourier transforms vanish with a certain rapidity near the given numbers are characterised as those that are expressible as the sum of a certain number of generalised finite differences that…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-05-24 Rodney Nillsen

Incorporating sample efficiency, by requiring the number of states consumed by broadcasting does not exceed that of a naive prepare-and-distribute strategy, gives rise to the no practical quantum broadcasting theorem. To navigate this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Ximing Wang , Yunlong Xiao

In general relativity (GR) no observer is physically privileged. As a strict consequence, it can be shown that the physical generation of gravitational waves (GW's) is quite impossible.

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Loinger

State redistribution is the protocol in which, given an arbitrary tripartite quantum state, with two of the subsystems initially being with Alice and one being with Bob, the goal is for Alice to send one of her subsystems to Bob, possibly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-12 Nilanjana Datta , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Jonathan Oppenheim

A proof that the generation of gravitational waves is physically impossible.

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Loinger

Higher-order transformations acting on input quantum channels in an indefinite causal order, such as the quantum switch, cannot be described by quantum circuits using the same number of calls to the input channels. A natural question is…

No-broadcasting theorem is one of the most fundamental results in quantum information theory; it guarantees that the simplest attacks on any quantum protocol, based on eavesdropping and copying of quantum information, are impossible. Due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Teiko Heinosaari , Anna Jenčová , Martin Plávala

A game in which one player makes unitary transformations of a simple system, and another seeks to confound the resulting state by a randomly chosen action is analyzed carefully. It is shown that the second player can reduce any system to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Paul B. Kantor

Suppose Alice and Bob jointly possess a pure state, $|\psi\ra$. Using local operations on their respective systems and classical communication it may be possible for Alice and Bob to transform $|\psi\ra$ into another joint state $|\phi\ra$.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 M. A. Nielsen

The Kochen-Specker theorem states that exclusive and complete deterministic outcome assignments are impossible for certain sets of measurements, called Kochen-Specker (KS) sets. A straightforward consequence is that KS sets do not have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-12 Kelvin Onggadinata , Dagomir Kaszlikowski , Pawel Kurzynski

We show that the universal theory of the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor is not computable. The proof uses the recent result that MIP*=RE. Combined with an earlier observation of the authors, this yields a proof that the Connes Embedding Problem…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-06-23 Isaac Goldbring , Bradd Hart

We construct an example of two continuous maps f and g of the circle to itself with the same absolute value of the Fourier transform but with different winding numbers, answering a question of Brezis.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jean Bourgain , Gady Kozma

A set of $n$ pure quantum states is called antidististinguishable if there exists an $n$-outcome measurement that never outputs the outcome `$k$' on the $k$-th quantum state. We describe sets of quantum states for which any subset of three…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-25 Vojtěch Havlíček , Jonathan Barrett

Motivated by the theory of proof complexity generators we consider the following $\Sigma^p_2$ search problem $\mbox{DD}_P$ determined by a propositional proof system $P$: given a $P$-proof $\pi$ of a disjunction $\bigvee_i {\alpha}_i$, no…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jan Krajicek

In this paper, we investigate the computational complexity of solutions to the Laplace and the diffusion equation. We show that for a certain class of initial-boundary value problems of the Laplace and the diffusion equation, the solution…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Aras Bacho , Holger Boche , Gitta Kutyniok

Let (\{| \psi> ,| \phi>}) be an incomparable pair of states ((| \psi \nleftrightarrow | \phi>)), \emph, i.e., (| \psi>) and (| \phi>) cannot be transformed to each other with probability one by local transformations and classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Spmshubhro Bandyopadhyay , Vwani P. Roychowdhury , Ujjwal Sen

Generalised Probabilistic Theories (GPTs) provide a unifying framework encompassing classical theories, quantum theories, as well as hypothetical alternatives. We investigate the problem of extending a system with a finite set of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Serge Massar

The disputed question of uncertainty relations (UR) on a circle is regarded as a particular element of a more general problem which refers to the quantum description of angular observables $L_z$ and $\phi$. The improvised $L_z-\phi$ UR are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Dumitru