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We argue that Godel's completeness theorem is equivalent to completability of consistent theories, and Godel's incompleteness theorem is equivalent to the fact that this completion is not constructive, in the sense that there are some…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-07-02 Saeed Salehi

We present a new topological proof of the infinitude of prime numbers with a new topology. Furthermore, in this topology, we characterize the infinitude of any non-empty subset of prime numbers.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-30 Jhixon Macías

There is new experimental evidence which may be interpreted as a small departure from quark-lepton universality. We propose to understand this as the result of a hierarchy of mass scales in analogy to $m_u, m_d << \Lambda_{QCD}$ for strong…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Xiao-Yuan Li , Ernest Ma

We present a general fixed point theorem which can be seen as the quintessence of the principles of proof for Banach's Fixed Point Theorem, ultrametric and certain topological fixed point theorems. It works in a minimal setting, not…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2013-04-02 Katarzyna Kuhlmann , Franz-Viktor Kuhlmann

A module is called absolutely indecomposable if it is directly indecomposable in every generic extension of the universe. We want to show the existence of large abelian groups that are absolutely indecomposable. This will follow from a more…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-11-21 Rüdiger Göbel , Saharon Shelah

Modern machine learning models are deployed in diverse, non-stationary environments where they must continually adapt to new tasks and evolving knowledge. Continual fine-tuning and in-context learning are costly and brittle, whereas neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Max S. Bennett , Thomas P. Zollo , Richard Zemel

We generalize Harrington-Marker-Shelah's Dilworth-style characterization of the existence of non-empty perfect antichains to co-analytic quasi-orders, establish the analogous theorem at the next definable cardinal, and consider…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-08-29 Benjamin D. Miller , Zoltán Vidnyánszky

Multiprocess systems, including grid systems, multiprocessors and multicore computers, incorporate a variety of specialized hardware and software mechanisms, which speed computation, but result in complex memory behavior. As a consequence,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2013-06-04 Steven Cheng , Lisa Higham , Jalal Kawash

The generalized uncertainty principle of string theory is derived in the framework of Quantum Geometry by taking into account the existence of an upper limit on the acceleration of massive particles.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 S. Capozziello , G. Lambiase , G. Scarpetta

We prove a general finite convergence theorem for "upward-guarded" fixpoint expressions over a well-quasi-ordered set. This has immediate applications in regular model checking of well-structured systems, where a main issue is the eventual…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2012-03-19 C. Baier , N. Bertrand , Ph. Schnoebelen

We compare three notions of genericity of separable metric structures. Our analysis provides a general model theoretic technique of showing that structures are generic in descriptive set theoretic (topological) sense and in measure…

Logic · Mathematics 2008-02-04 Alexander Usvyatsov

Classifying the training data correctly without over-fitting is one of the goals in machine learning. In this paper, we propose a generalization-memorization mechanism, including a generalization-memorization decision and a memory modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Zhen Wang , Yuan-Hai Shao

The model of asynchronous programming arises in many contexts, from low-level systems software to high-level web programming. We take a language-theoretic perspective and show general decidability and undecidability results for asynchronous…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Rupak Majumdar , Ramanathan S. Thinniyam , Georg Zetzsche

G\"odel's Incompleteness Theorems suggest that no single formal system can capture the entirety of one's mathematical beliefs, while pointing at a hierarchy of systems of increasing logical strength that make progressively more explicit…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-04-25 Mateusz Łelyk , Carlo Nicolai

This paper builds on no-go theorems to the effect that quantum theory is inconsistent with observations being absolute; that is, unique and non-relative. Unlike the existing no-go results, the one introduced here is based on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-09 Nick Ormrod , Jonathan Barrett

We explore the algebraic properties of a generalized version of the iterated-sums signature, inspired by previous work of F.~Kir\'aly and H.~Oberhauser. In particular, we show how to recover the character property of the associated linear…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-07-17 Joscha Diehl , Kurusch Ebrahimi-Fard , Nikolas Tapia

Under large cardinal hypotheses beyond the Kunen inconsistency -- hypotheses so strong as to contradict the Axiom of Choice -- we solve several variants of the generalized continuum problem and identify structural features of the levels…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-01-28 Gabriel Goldberg

For Hilbert, the consistency of a formal theory T is an infinite series of statements "D is free of contradictions" for each derivation D and a consistency proof is i) an operation that, given D, yields a proof that D is free of…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-03-20 Sergei Artemov

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and investigate a new system of global fractional-order interval implicit projection neural networks. An existence and uniqueness theorem of the equilibrium point for such kind of global…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-04-24 Zeng-bao Wu , Jin-dong Li , Nan-jing Huang

In the modern Bayesian view classical probability theory is simply an extension of conventional logic, i.e., a quantitative tool that allows for consistent reasoning in the presence of uncertainty. Classical theory presupposes, however,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-20 Jochen Rau