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In-memory computing (IMC) architecture emerges as a promising paradigm, improving the energy efficiency of multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) operations within DNNs by integrating the parallel computations within the memory arrays. Various…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Zeyu Yang , Qingrong Huang , Yu Qian , Kai Ni , Thomas Kämpfe , Xunzhao Yin

Ternary content addressable memories (TCAMs) are commonly used to implement IP lookup, but suffer from high power and area costs. Thus TCAM included in modern chips is limited and can support moderately large datasets in data centers and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Victor Rios , George Varghese

As SRAM-based caches are hitting a scaling wall, manufacturers are integrating DRAM-based caches into system designs to continue increasing cache sizes. While DRAM caches can improve the performance of memory systems, existing DRAM cache…

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) efficiently on edge devices is often constrained by limited memory capacity and high power consumption. Low-bit quantization methods, particularly ternary quantization, have demonstrated significant…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Chenyang Yin , Zhenyu Bai , Pranav Venkatram , Shivam Aggarwal , Zhaoying Li , Tulika Mitra

In-memory computing on a reconfigurable architecture is the emerging field which performs an application-based resource allocation for computational efficiency and energy optimization. In this work, we propose a Ferroelectric…

A content addressable memory (CAM) is a type of memory that implements a parallel search engine at its core. A CAM takes as an input a value and outputs the address where this value is stored in case of a match. CAMs are used in a wide…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-12-24 Yousra Alkabani , Mario Miscuglio , Volker J. Sorger , Tarek El-Ghazawi

Reconfigurable devices have garnered significant attention for alleviating the scaling requirements of conventional CMOS technology, as they require fewer components to construct circuits with similar function. Prior works required…

Despite the impressive search rate of one key per clock cycle, the update stage of a random-access-memory-based content-addressable-memory (RAM-based CAM) always suffers high latency. Two primary causes of such latency include: (1) the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-06-28 Xuan-Thuan Nguyen , Trong-Thuc Hoang , Hong-Thu Nguyen , Katsumi Inoue , Cong-Kha Pham

The increasing demand for on-device training of deep neural networks (DNNs) aims to leverage personal data for high-performance applications while addressing privacy concerns and reducing communication latency. However, resource-constrained…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Jinming Lu , Jiayi Tian , Hai Li , Ian Young , Zheng Zhang

Tunneling field-effect transistors (TFETs) have gained a great deal of recent interest due to their potential to reduce power dissipation in integrated circuits. One major challenge for TFETs so far has been achieving high drive currents,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2010-11-25 Siyuranga O. Koswatta , Steven J. Koester , Wilfried Haensch

Non-volatile memories (NVMs) offer negligible leakage power consumption, high integration density, and data retention, but their non-volatility also raises the risk of data exposure. Conventional encryption techniques such as the Advanced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Sanwar Ahmed Ovy , Jiahui Duan , Md Ashraful Islam Romel , Franz Muller , Thomas Kampfe , Kai Ni , Sumitha George

In this work, we have implemented an accurate machine-learning approach for predicting various key analog and RF parameters of Negative Capacitance Field-Effect Transistors (NCFETs). Visual TCAD simulator and the Python high-level language…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-12-20 Yash Pathak , Laxman Prasad Goswami , Bansi Dhar Malhotra , Rishu Chaujar

Ternary logic system is the most promising and pursued alternate to the prevailing binary logic systems due to the energy efficiency of circuits following reduced circuit complexity and chip area. In this paper, we have proposed a ternary…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Zarin Tasnim Sandhie , Farid Uddin Ahmed , Masud H. Chowdhury

As the conventional scaling of logic devices comes to an end, functional wafer backside and 3D transistor stacking are consensus for next-generation logic technology, offering considerable design space extension for powers, signals or even…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-01-28 Haoran Lu , Xun Jiang , Yanbang Chu , Ziqiao Xu , Rui Guo , Wanyue Peng , Yibo Lin , Runsheng Wang , Heng Wu , Ru Huang

Intimate integration of memory devices with logic transistors is a frontier challenge in computer hardware. This integration is essential for augmenting computational power concurrently with enhanced energy efficiency in big-data…

In this paper, we propose a 'full-stack' solution to designing high capacity and low latency on-chip cache hierarchies by starting at the circuit level of the hardware design stack. First, we propose a novel Gain Cell (GC) design using…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Sarabjeet Singh , Neelam Surana , Pranjali Jain , Joycee Mekie , Manu Awasthi

Recently, we proposed a novel transistor architecture for 3D stacked FETs called Flip FET (FFET), featuring N/P transistors back-to-back stacked and dual-sided interconnects. With dual-sided power rails and signal tracks, FFET can achieve…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-04-15 Rui Gui , Haoran Lu , Jiacheng Sun , Xun Jiang , Lining Zhang , Ming Li , Yibo Lin , Runsheng Wang , Heng Wu , Ru Huang

Dual-material double-gate tunnel field effect transistor (DMDG TFET) is a promising candidate for low-power, high-speed electronics due to enhanced electrostatic control and superior switching characteristics. Integrating a pocket region…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Ramisa Fariha , Saikat Das , Labiba Tanjil Nida , Abeer Khan , Md Tashfiq Bin Kashem

There is an extremely high demand for a high speed, low power, low leakage, and low noise Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM) for high performance cache memories. The energy efficiency of SRAM is of paramount importance in both high…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-12-08 Antardipan Pal , Yong Zhang , Dennis D. Yau

Higher dimensional classification has attracted more attentions with increasing demands for more flexible services in the Internet. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a two dimensional router (TwoD router), that…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Shu Yang , Laizhong Cui , Xinhao Deng , Qi Li , Yulei Wu , Mingwei Xu , Dan Wang , Jianping Wu