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Genes, proteins and other biological entities influence one another via causal molecular networks. Causal relationships in such networks are mediated by complex and diverse mechanisms, through latent variables, and are often specific to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Izzy Newsham , Luka Kovačević , Richard Moulange , Nan Rosemary Ke , Sach Mukherjee

Causal video question answering (QA) has garnered increasing interest, yet existing datasets often lack depth in causal reasoning. To address this gap, we capitalize on the unique properties of cartoons and construct CausalChaos!, a novel,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Paritosh Parmar , Eric Peh , Ruirui Chen , Ting En Lam , Yuhan Chen , Elston Tan , Basura Fernando

This paper presents question-answering on dense video events, a novel task that answers and grounds dense-event questions in long videos, thus challenging MLLMs to faithfully comprehend and reason about multiple events over extended periods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Hangyu Qin , Junbin Xiao , Angela Yao

Concepts benefit natural language understanding but are far from complete in existing knowledge graphs (KGs). Recently, pre-trained language models (PLMs) have been widely used in text-based concept extraction (CE). However, PLMs tend to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Siyu Yuan , Deqing Yang , Jinxi Liu , Shuyu Tian , Jiaqing Liang , Yanghua Xiao , Rui Xie

Video Question Answering (VideoQA) represents a crucial intersection between video understanding and language processing, requiring both discriminative unimodal comprehension and sophisticated cross-modal interaction for accurate inference.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Ting Yu , Kunhao Fu , Shuhui Wang , Qingming Huang , Jun Yu

Visual Question Answering (VQA) requires reasoning across visual and textual modalities, yet Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) often lack integrated commonsense knowledge, limiting their robustness in real-world scenarios. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Shuo Yang , Siwen Luo , Soyeon Caren Han , Eduard Hovy

Video Question Answering (VideoQA) is the task of answering the natural language questions about a video. Producing an answer requires understanding the interplay across visual scenes in video and linguistic semantics in question. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Yicong Li , Xiang Wang , Junbin Xiao , Tat-Seng Chua

Visual Question Answering (VQA) has been a popular task that combines vision and language, with numerous relevant implementations in literature. Even though there are some attempts that approach explainability and robustness issues in VQA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Theodoti Stoikou , Maria Lymperaiou , Giorgos Stamou

Question answering over knowledge bases (KBQA) aims to answer factoid questions with a given knowledge base (KB). Due to the large scale of KB, annotated data is impossible to cover all fact schemas in KB, which poses a challenge to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Chuanyuan Tan , Yuehe Chen , Wenbiao Shao , Wenliang Chen

The goal of this work is to build flexible video-language models that can generalize to various video-to-text tasks from few examples, such as domain-specific captioning, question answering, and future event prediction. Existing few-shot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Zhenhailong Wang , Manling Li , Ruochen Xu , Luowei Zhou , Jie Lei , Xudong Lin , Shuohang Wang , Ziyi Yang , Chenguang Zhu , Derek Hoiem , Shih-Fu Chang , Mohit Bansal , Heng Ji

Context-aware emotion recognition (CAER) is a complex and significant task that requires perceiving emotions from various contextual cues. Previous approaches primarily focus on designing sophisticated architectures to extract emotional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Yuxuan Lei , Dingkang Yang , Zhaoyu Chen , Jiawei Chen , Peng Zhai , Lihua Zhang

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly advanced video reasoning, yet Video Question Answering (VideoQA) remains challenging due to its demand for temporal causal reasoning and evidence-grounded answer generation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Kaixin zhang , Xiaohe Li , Jiahao Li , Haohua Wu , Xinyu Zhao , Zide Fan , Lei Wang

Visual Question Answering (VQA) has attracted much attention since it offers insight into the relationships between the multi-modal analysis of images and natural language. Most of the current algorithms are incapable of answering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Guohao Li , Hang Su , Wenwu Zhu

Visual Question Answering (VQA) has benefited from increasingly sophisticated models, but has not enjoyed the same level of engagement in terms of data creation. In this paper, we propose a method that automatically derives VQA examples at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Soravit Changpinyo , Doron Kukliansky , Idan Szpektor , Xi Chen , Nan Ding , Radu Soricut

A large part of human communication relies on nonverbal cues such as facial expressions, eye contact, and body language. Unlike language or sign language, such nonverbal communication lacks formal rules, requiring complex reasoning based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Shintaro Ozaki , Kazuki Hayashi , Miyu Oba , Yusuke Sakai , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe

This paper proposes the first video-grounded entailment tree reasoning method for commonsense video question answering (VQA). Despite the remarkable progress of large visual-language models (VLMs), there are growing concerns that they learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Huabin Liu , Filip Ilievski , Cees G. M. Snoek

Humans apprehend the world through various sensory modalities, yet language is their predominant communication channel. Machine learning systems need to draw on the same multimodal richness to have informed discourses with humans in natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Min Wang , Ata Mahjoubfar , Anupama Joshi

Natural Language Explanation (NLE) aims to elucidate the decision-making process by providing detailed, human-friendly explanations in natural language. It helps demystify the decision-making processes of large vision-language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Patrick Amadeus Irawan , Genta Indra Winata , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Ayu Purwarianti

With advances in multimodal research and deep learning, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have emerged as a powerful paradigm for a wide range of multimodal tasks. As a core problem in vision-language research, Visual Question…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Quanxing Xu , Ling Zhou , Xian Zhong , Xiaohua Huang , Rubing Huang , Chia-Wen Lin

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable performance on various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, especially for question answering. However, in the face of problems beyond the scope of knowledge, these LLMs tend to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Chaojie Wang , Yishi Xu , Zhong Peng , Chenxi Zhang , Bo Chen , Xinrun Wang , Lei Feng , Bo An