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Deep reinforcement learning (DRL), acting as a novel and powerful paradigm for quantum optimal control, offers transformative opportunities for advancing neutral-atom quantum computing. In this work, we theoretically demonstrate a DRL-based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Yue Cai , Hanlin Zhang , Keye Zhang , Jing Qian

This paper presents a deep Q-network (DQN)-based gain-scheduling framework for safety-critical quadcopter trajectory tracking. Instead of directly learning control inputs, the proposed approach selects from a finite set of pre-certified…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-04 Hossein Rastgoftar , Muhammad J. H. Zahed

This paper addresses a multi-echelon inventory management problem with a complex network topology where deriving optimal ordering decisions is difficult. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has recently shown potential in solving such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Liqiang Cheng , Jun Luo , Weiwei Fan , Yidong Zhang , Yuan Li

Recent developments in Reinforcement learning have significantly enhanced sequential decision-making in uncertain environments. Despite their strong performance guarantees, most existing work has focused primarily on improving the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-13 Bo Pan , Jianya Lu , Yafei Wang , Hao Li , Bei Jiang , Linglong Kong

This paper proposes a deep learning-based optimal battery management scheme for frequency regulation (FR) by integrating model predictive control (MPC), supervised learning (SL), reinforcement learning (RL), and high-fidelity battery…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-05 Yun Li , Yixiu Wang , Yifu Chen , Kaixun Hua , Jiayang Ren , Ghazaleh Mozafari , Qiugang Lu , Yankai Cao

We study the Non-Stationary Reinforcement Learning (RL) under distribution shifts in both finite-horizon episodic and infinite-horizon discounted Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). In the finite-horizon case, the transition functions may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Ha Manh Bui , Felix Parker , Kimia Ghobadi , Anqi Liu

Radio Frequency powered Cognitive Radio Networks (RF-CRN) are likely to be the eyes and ears of upcoming modern networks such as Internet of Things (IoT), requiring increased decentralization and autonomous operation. To be considered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Kevin Shen Hoong Ong , Yang Zhang , Dusit Niyato

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are analyzed via the theoretical framework of the information bottleneck (IB) principle. We first show that any DNN can be quantified by the mutual information between the layers and the input and output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-10 Naftali Tishby , Noga Zaslavsky

This paper presents a reinforcement learning approach of a model-free safety filter, drawing inspiration from the framework of model-based Predictive Safety Filters (PSFs). Similar to conventional PSFs, our method adopts a Quadratic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-08 Bihui Yin , Yiwen Lu , Yuchen Jiang , Yilin Mo

In this article, we propose a novel algorithm for deep reinforcement learning named Expert Q-learning. Expert Q-learning is inspired by Dueling Q-learning and aims at incorporating semi-supervised learning into reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Li Meng , Anis Yazidi , Morten Goodwin , Paal Engelstad

The framework of reinforcement learning or optimal control provides a mathematical formalization of intelligent decision making that is powerful and broadly applicable. While the general form of the reinforcement learning problem enables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Sergey Levine

In this paper, we consider the infinite-horizon reach-avoid zero-sum game problem, where the goal is to find a set in the state space, referred to as the reach-avoid set, such that the system starting at a state therein could be controlled…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-19 Jingqi Li , Donggun Lee , Somayeh Sojoudi , Claire J. Tomlin

Reinforcement learning holds the promise of enabling autonomous robots to learn large repertoires of behavioral skills with minimal human intervention. However, robotic applications of reinforcement learning often compromise the autonomy of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-11-24 Shixiang Gu , Ethan Holly , Timothy Lillicrap , Sergey Levine

We focus on the control of unknown Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). The system dynamics is unknown, but we assume we are able to observe its evolution for a given control input, as typical in a Reinforcement Learning framework. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-09 Alessandro Alla , Agnese Pacifico , Michele Palladino , Andrea Pesare

Deep reinforcement learning is a technique for solving problems in a variety of environments, ranging from Atari video games to stock trading. This method leverages deep neural network models to make decisions based on observations of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Anthony Dowling

Quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) is a promising paradigm for near-term quantum devices. While existing QRL methods have shown success in discrete action spaces, extending these techniques to continuous domains is challenging due to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-19 Shaojun Wu , Shan Jin , Dingding Wen , Donghong Han , Xiaoting Wang

Double Q-learning is a classical control algorithm that mitigates the maximization bias of Q-learning. To do so, it explicitly trains two independent action-value functions and uses them to decouple action-selection and action-evaluation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Prabhat Nagarajan , Martha White , Marlos C. Machado

In this paper, we provide the details of implementing various reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms for controlling a Cart-Pole system. In particular, we describe various RL concepts such as Q-learning, Deep Q Networks (DQN), Double DQN,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Swagat Kumar

We present a novel algorithm to train a deep Q-learning agent using natural-gradient techniques. We compare the original deep Q-network (DQN) algorithm to its natural-gradient counterpart, which we refer to as NGDQN, on a collection of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Ethan Knight , Osher Lerner

Quadratic programs (QPs) arise in various domains such as machine learning, finance, and control. Recently, learning-enhanced primal-dual hybrid gradient (PDHG) methods have shown great potential in addressing large-scale linear programs;…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-03 Linxin Yang , Bingheng Li , Tian Ding , Jianghua Wu , Akang Wang , Yuyi Wang , Jiliang Tang , Ruoyu Sun , Xiaodong Luo