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In medicine, treatments often influence multiple, interdependent outcomes, such as primary endpoints, complications, adverse events, or other secondary endpoints. Hence, to make optimal treatment decisions, clinicians are interested in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yuchen Ma , Jonas Schweisthal , Hengrui Zhang , Stefan Feuerriegel

In this paper, we build upon two major recent developments in the field, Diffusion Policies for visuomotor manipulation and large pre-trained multimodal foundational models to obtain a robotic skill learning system. The system can obtain…

Learning from expert demonstrations is a promising approach for training robotic manipulation policies from limited data. However, imitation learning algorithms require a number of design choices ranging from the input modality, training…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Eugenio Chisari , Nick Heppert , Max Argus , Tim Welschehold , Thomas Brox , Abhinav Valada

Diffusion models excel at modeling complex and multimodal trajectory distributions for decision-making and control. Reward-gradient guided denoising has been recently proposed to generate trajectories that maximize both a differentiable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Brian Yang , Huangyuan Su , Nikolaos Gkanatsios , Tsung-Wei Ke , Ayush Jain , Jeff Schneider , Katerina Fragkiadaki

Humans can learn many novel tasks from a very small number (1--5) of demonstrations, in stark contrast to the data requirements of nearly tabula rasa deep learning methods. We propose an expressive class of policies, a strong but general…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Tom Silver , Kelsey R. Allen , Alex K. Lew , Leslie Pack Kaelbling , Josh Tenenbaum

Score-based generative models (SGMs) have recently emerged as a promising class of generative models. However, a fundamental limitation is that their inference is very slow due to a need for many (e.g., 2000) iterations of sequential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Hengyuan Ma , Li Zhang , Xiatian Zhu , Jianfeng Feng

The use of imitation learning to learn a single policy for a complex task that has multiple modes or hierarchical structure can be challenging. In fact, previous work has shown that when the modes are known, learning separate policies for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Arjun Sharma , Mohit Sharma , Nicholas Rhinehart , Kris M. Kitani

We present GO-CBED, a goal-oriented Bayesian framework for sequential causal experimental design. Unlike conventional approaches that select interventions aimed at inferring the full causal model, GO-CBED directly maximizes the expected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Zheyu Zhang , Jiayuan Dong , Jie Liu , Xun Huan

Diffusion models have recently emerged as a powerful framework for generative modeling. They consist of a forward process that perturbs input data with Gaussian white noise and a reverse process that learns a score function to generate…

The latest advances in artificial intelligence (AI) present many unprecedented opportunities to achieve much improved bandwidth saving in communications. Unlike conventional communication systems focusing on packet transport, rich datasets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Achintha Wijesinghe , Songyang Zhang , Suchinthaka Wanninayaka , Weiwei Wang , Zhi Ding

Recently, the diffusion model has emerged as a powerful generative technique for robotic policy learning, capable of modeling multi-mode action distributions. Leveraging its capability for end-to-end autonomous driving is a promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Bencheng Liao , Shaoyu Chen , Haoran Yin , Bo Jiang , Cheng Wang , Sixu Yan , Xinbang Zhang , Xiangyu Li , Ying Zhang , Qian Zhang , Xinggang Wang

Score-based diffusion models learn to reverse a stochastic differential equation that maps data to noise. However, for complex tasks, numerical error can compound and result in highly unnatural samples. Previous work mitigates this drift…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-12 Aaron Lou , Stefano Ermon

Score-based Generative Models (SGMs) have demonstrated exceptional synthesis outcomes across various tasks. However, the current design landscape of the forward diffusion process remains largely untapped and often relies on physical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Kushagra Pandey , Stephan Mandt

Masked diffusion language models generate text through iterative masked-token filling, but terminal-only rewards on final completions provide coarse credit assignment for the intermediate filling decisions that shape the generation process.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Daisuke Oba , Hiroki Furuta , Naoaki Okazaki

Few-step diffusion models enable efficient high-resolution image synthesis but struggle to align with specific downstream objectives due to limitations of existing reinforcement learning (RL) methods in low-step regimes with limited state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Ziyi Zhang , Li Shen , Sen Zhang , Deheng Ye , Yong Luo , Miaojing Shi , Dongjing Shan , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

Conditional diffusion models have shown remarkable performance in various generative tasks, but training them requires large-scale datasets that often contain noise in conditional inputs, a.k.a. noisy labels. This noise leads to condition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Byeonghu Na , Yeongmin Kim , HeeSun Bae , Jung Hyun Lee , Se Jung Kwon , Wanmo Kang , Il-Chul Moon

A crucial design decision for any robot learning pipeline is the choice of policy representation: what type of model should be used to generate the next set of robot actions? Owing to the inherent multi-modal nature of many robotic tasks,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Sumeet Singh , Stephen Tu , Vikas Sindhwani

We present Latent Theory of Mind (LatentToM), a decentralized diffusion policy architecture for collaborative robot manipulation. Our policy allows multiple manipulators with their own perception and computation to collaborate with each…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Chengyang He , Gadiel Sznaier Camps , Xu Liu , Mac Schwager , Guillaume Sartoretti

We propose DemoDiffusion, a simple method for enabling robots to perform manipulation tasks by imitating a single human demonstration, without requiring task-specific training or paired human-robot data. Our approach is based on two…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Sungjae Park , Homanga Bharadhwaj , Shubham Tulsiani

Many recent works utilize denoising score matching to optimize the conditional input of diffusion models. In this workshop paper, we demonstrate that such optimization breaks the equivalence between denoising score matching and exact score…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Tongda Xu