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We demonstrate the reduction of critical spin-transfer torque (STT) switching currents in Co-Fe-B/MgO based magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) with perpendicular magnetization anisotropy (PMA). The junctions yield tunnel magnetoresistance…

Non-volatile Neuromorphic Computing (NC) elements utilizing Spin Orbit Torque (SOT) provide a viable solution to alleviate the memory wall bottleneck in contemporary computing systems. However, the two challenges, low SOT efficiency and the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Badsha Sekh , Hasibur Rahaman , Subhakanta Das , Mitali , Ramu Maddu , Kesavan Jawahar , S. N. Piramanayagam

Spin polarized currents are employed to efficiently manipulate the magnetization of ferromagnetic ultrathin films by exerting a torque on it. If the spin currents are generated by means of the spin-orbit interaction between a ferromagnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-04-07 R. Guerrero , A. Anadon , A. Gudin , J. M. Diez , P. Olleros-Rodriguez , M. Muñoz , R. Miranda , J. Camarero , P. Perna

Current-induced spin-orbit torques (SOTs) represent one of the most effective ways to manipulate the magnetization in spintronic devices. The orthogonal torque-magnetization geometry, the strong damping, and the large domain wall velocities…

Spin orbit torques (SOT) are used to manipulate magnetization of ferromagnets in heavy metal / ferromagnetic bilayers and thus are technologically relevant from magnetization switching perspective. This necessitates development of methods…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-04-03 Akanksha Chouhan , Abhishek Erram , Ashwin A. Tulapurkar

Magnetic trilayers having large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and high spin-orbit torques (SOTs) efficiency are the key to fabricate nonvolatile magnetic memory and logic devices. In this work, PMA and SOTs are systematically…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-01-17 Baoshan Cui , Dong Li , Shiwei Chen , Jijun Yun , Yalu Zuo , Xiaobin Guo , Kai Wu , Xu Zhang , Yupei Wang , Dezheng Yang , Meizhen Gao , Li Xi

The field-free spin-orbit torque induced 180{\deg} reorientation of perpendicular magnetization is beneficial for the high performance magnetic memory. The antiferromagnetic material (AFM) can provide higher operation speed than the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-12-15 Zhengde Xu , Jie Ren , Zhengping Yuan , Yue Xin , Xue Zhang , Shuyuan Shi , Yumeng Yang , Zhifeng Zhu

Future applications of spin-orbit torque will require new mechanisms to improve the efficiency for switching nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs), while also controlling the magnetic dynamics to achieve fast, nanosecond scale…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-02-07 Shengjie Shi , Yongxi Ou , S. V. Aradhya , D. C. Ralph , R. A. Buhrman

Reliable operation of perpendicular spin-transfer-torque magnetic random-access memory (p-STT-MRAM) requires control of magnetic alignment within the synthetic antiferromagnet (SAF) reference layer. At nanopillar dimensions, however,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Afan Terko , George Lertzman-Lepofsky , Dieter Suess , Claas Abert , Erol Girt

Current-induced spin-transfer torques (STT) and spin-orbit torques (SOT) enable the electrical switching of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) in nonvolatile magnetic random access memories. In order to develop faster memory devices, an…

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) enables ultra-fast, energy-efficient magnetization switching, making it a promising mechanism for introducing MRAMs for cache memory applications. However, current SOT-MRAM devices face write efficiency limitations,…

We have investigated Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) induced ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) assisted Spin Transfer Torque (STT) switching of perpendicular MTJ (p-MTJ) with inhomogeneities using micromagnetic simulations that include the effect…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-09-22 Walid Al Misba , Md. Mahadi Rajib , Dhritiman Bhattacharya , Jayasimha Atulasimha

We investigated the magnetization reversal of a perpendicularly magnetized nanodevice using a chirped current pulse (CCP) via spin-orbit torques (SOT). Our findings demonstrate that both the field-like (FL) and damping-like (DL) components…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-01-15 Y. D. Liu , M. T. Islam , T. Min , X. S. Wang , X. R. Wang

Low barrier nanomagnets have attracted a lot of research interest for their use as sources of high quality true random number generation. More recently, low barrier nanomagnets with tunable output have been shown to be a natural hardware…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-03-09 Punyashloka Debashis , Rafatul Faria , Kerem Y. Camsari , Supriyo Datta , Zhihong Chen

Antiferromagnets with zero net magnetic moment, strong anti-interference and ultrafast switching speed have potential competitiveness in high-density information storage. Body centered tetragonal antiferromagnet Mn2Au with opposite spin…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-04-17 X. F. Zhou , J. Zhang , F. Li , X. Z. Chen , G. Y. Shi , Y. Z. Tan , Y. D. Gu , M. S. Saleem , H. Q. Wu , F. Pan , C. Song

Current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) is regarded as a promising mechanism for driving neuromorphic behavior in spin-orbitronic devices. In principle, the strong SOT in heavy metal-based magnetic heterostructure is attributed to the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-05-31 Tian-Yue Chen , Yu-Chan Hsiao , Wei-Bang Liao , Chi-Feng Pai

We present an optimal field-free protocol for current-induced switching of a perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnetic insulator nanoelement on the surface of a topological insulator. The time dependence of in-plane components of the surface…

We present experimental and numerical micromagnetic data on the effect of spin momentum transfer in current perpendicular to the plane spin valves. Starting from a configuration with orthogonal free and pinned layer magnetizations, the free…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Covington , A. Rebei , G. J. Parker , M. A. Seigler

This paper describes a numerical experiment of magnetization switching driven by spin-polarized current in high-TMR magnetic tunnel junctions (TMR>100%). Differently from other works, the current density distribution throughout the…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-05-13 D. Aurelio , L. Torres , G. Finocchio

Researchers have recently identified a novel class of magnetism, termed "altermagnetism", which exhibits characteristics of both ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism. Here, we report a groundbreaking discovery of efficient field-free…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-07-11 Zhuoyi Li , Zhe Zhang , Xianyang Lu , Yongbing Xu
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