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In-context learning (ICL) allows a language model to improve its problem-solving capability when provided with suitable information in context. Since the choice of in-context information can be determined based on the problem itself,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Yinghui He , Abhishek Panigrahi , Yong Lin , Sanjeev Arora

Learning a set of tasks over time, also known as continual learning (CL), is one of the most challenging problems in artificial intelligence due to catastrophic forgetting. Large language models (LLMs) are often impractical to frequent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jaya Krishna Mandivarapu

The committor function is a central object for quantifying the transitions between metastable states of dynamical systems. Recently, a number of computational methods based on deep neural networks have been developed for computing the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-04-10 Bo Lin , Weiqing Ren

Recent unified models integrate multimodal understanding and generation within a single framework. However, an "understanding-generation gap" persists, where models can capture user intent but often fail to translate this semantic knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Qingyang Liu , Bingjie Gao , Canmiao Fu , Zhipeng Huang , Chen Li , Feng Wang , Shuochen Chang , Shaobo Wang , Yali Wang , Keming Ye , Jiangtong Li , Li Niu

Continual learning aims to provide intelligent agents that are capable of learning continually a sequence of tasks, building on previously learned knowledge. A key challenge in this learning paradigm is catastrophically forgetting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Ghada Sokar , Decebal Constantin Mocanu , Mykola Pechenizkiy

To cope with real-world dynamics, an intelligent system needs to incrementally acquire, update, accumulate, and exploit knowledge throughout its lifetime. This ability, known as continual learning, provides a foundation for AI systems to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Liyuan Wang , Xingxing Zhang , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Transferring knowledge from prior source tasks in solving a new target task can be useful in several learning applications. The application of transfer poses two serious challenges which have not been adequately addressed. First, the agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Janarthanan Rajendran , Aravind Srinivas , Mitesh M. Khapra , P Prasanna , Balaraman Ravindran

Continual learning can empower vision-language models to continuously acquire new knowledge, without the need for access to the entire historical dataset. However, mitigating the performance degradation in large-scale models is non-trivial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jiazuo Yu , Yunzhi Zhuge , Lu Zhang , Ping Hu , Dong Wang , Huchuan Lu , You He

In practice, imitation learning is preferred over pure reinforcement learning whenever it is possible to design a teaching agent to provide expert supervision. However, we show that when the teaching agent makes decisions with access to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Luca Weihs , Unnat Jain , Iou-Jen Liu , Jordi Salvador , Svetlana Lazebnik , Aniruddha Kembhavi , Alexander Schwing

We propose a novel adaptive transfer learning framework, learning to transfer learn (L2TL), to improve performance on a target dataset by careful extraction of the related information from a source dataset. Our framework considers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Linchao Zhu , Sercan O. Arik , Yi Yang , Tomas Pfister

Adapter-Tuning (AT) method involves freezing a pre-trained model and introducing trainable adapter modules to acquire downstream knowledge, thereby calibrating the model for better adaptation to downstream tasks. This paper proposes a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Jiacheng Ruan , Jingsheng Gao , Mingye Xie , Daize Dong , Suncheng Xiang , Ting Liu , Yuzhuo Fu

In online continual learning (CL), models trained on changing distributions easily forget previously learned knowledge and bias toward newly received tasks. To address this issue, we present Continual Bias Adaptor (CBA), a bi-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Quanziang Wang , Renzhen Wang , Yichen Wu , Xixi Jia , Minghao Zhou , Deyu Meng

Text-guided image-to-video (I2V) generation aims to generate a coherent video that preserves the identity of the input image and semantically aligns with the input prompt. Existing methods typically augment pretrained text-to-video (T2V)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Xun Guo , Mingwu Zheng , Liang Hou , Yuan Gao , Yufan Deng , Pengfei Wan , Di Zhang , Yufan Liu , Weiming Hu , Zhengjun Zha , Haibin Huang , Chongyang Ma

In inductive transfer learning, fine-tuning pre-trained convolutional networks substantially outperforms training from scratch. When using fine-tuning, the underlying assumption is that the pre-trained model extracts generic features, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-07 Xuhong Li , Yves Grandvalet , Franck Davoine

Transformers have demonstrated remarkable in-context learning (ICL) capabilities, adapting to new tasks by simply conditioning on demonstrations without parameter updates. Compelling empirical and theoretical evidence suggests that ICL, as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Taejong Joo , Diego Klabjan

Few-shot learning is a challenging problem where the goal is to achieve generalization from only few examples. Model-agnostic meta-learning (MAML) tackles the problem by formulating prior knowledge as a common initialization across tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Sungyong Baik , Seokil Hong , Kyoung Mu Lee

Text-to-Image (T2I) synthesis is a challenging task that requires modeling complex interactions between two modalities ( i.e., text and image). A common framework adopted in recent state-of-the-art approaches to achieving such multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Yeruru Asrar Ahmed , Anurag Mittal

Practical Imitation Learning (IL) systems rely on large human demonstration datasets for successful policy learning. However, challenges lie in maintaining the quality of collected data and addressing the suboptimal nature of some…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Sachit Kuhar , Shuo Cheng , Shivang Chopra , Matthew Bronars , Danfei Xu

In this paper, we propose a method to partially mimic natural intelligence for the problem of lifelong learning representations that are compatible. We take the perspective of a learning agent that is interested in recognizing object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Niccolo Biondi , Federico Pernici , Matteo Bruni , Daniele Mugnai , Alberto Del Bimbo

We propose continual instance learning - a method that applies the concept of continual learning to the task of distinguishing instances of the same object category. We specifically focus on the car object, and incrementally learn to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Kishan Parshotam , Mert Kilickaya