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Related papers: Switching of Perpendicular Magnetization by Spin-O…

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Current-induced magnetization switching, a fundamental phenomenon related to spin-transport of electrons, enables non-voltaic and fast information write, facilitating applications in low-power memory and logic devices. However,…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-07-30 Yanyan Yang , Weiwei Lin

The growing demand for artificial intelligence and complex computing has underscored the urgent need for advanced data storage technologies. Spin-orbit torque (SOT) has emerged as a leading candidate for high-speed, high-density magnetic…

Current induced spin-orbit torques driven by the conventional spin Hall effect are widely used to manipulate the magnetization. This approach, however, is nondeterministic and inefficient for the switching of magnets with perpendicular…

We discuss a spin-transfer torque device, where the role of the soft ferromagnetic layer is played by a magnetic particle or a magnetic molecule, in weak tunnel contact with two spin polarized leads. We investigate if the magnetization of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-10-19 P. Gartland , D. Davidovic

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) is a candidate technique in next generation magnetic random-access memory (MRAM). Recently, experiments show that some material with low-symmetric crystalline or magnetic structures can generate anomalous SOT that…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-08-09 TianYi Zhang , CaiHua Wan , XiuFeng Han

Spin-orbitronics, based on both spin and orbital angular momentum, presents a promising pathway for energy-efficient memory and logic devices. Recent studies have demonstrated the emergence of orbital currents in light transition metals…

An annular magnetic memory that uses a spin-polarized current to switch the magnetization direction or helicity of a magnetic region is proposed. The device has magnetic materials in the shape of a ring (1 to 5 nm in thickness, 20 to 250 nm…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Andrew D. Kent , Daniel L. Stein

The control of magnetization by electric current is a rapidly developing area motivated by a strong synergy between breakthrough basic research discoveries and industrial applications in the fields of magnetic recording, magnetic field…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-09-05 Yucai Li , Kevin William Edmonds , Xionghua Liu , Houzhi Zheng , Kaiyou Wang

We report on an experimental study of current induced switching in perpendicular magnetic random access memory (MRAM) cells with variable resistance-area products (RAs). Our results show that in addition to spin transfer torque (STT),…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-05-08 Goran Mihajlovic , Neil Smith , Tiffany Santos , Jui-Lung Li , Michael Tran , Matthew Carey , Bruce D. Terris , Jordan A. Katine

In this article we analyze by modeling two possible mechanisms for magnetization switching using spin orbit torques, which have been reported to cause field-free deterministic switching in experiments. Here we compare the field-free…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-04-22 F. Garcia-Sanchez , G. Soares , M. Pasquale

Magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) driven by spin-transfer torque (STT) is a major contender for future memory applications. The energy dissipation involved in writing remains problematic, even with the advent of more efficient…

Schemes of switching nanomagnetic memories via the effect of spin torque with various polarizations of injected electrons are studied. Simulations based on macrospin and micromagnetic theories are performed and compared. We demonstrate that…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Dmitri E. Nikonov , George I. Bourianoff , Graham Rowlands , Ilya N. Krivorotov

Recent work [1,2] suggests that ferromagnetic reversal with spin transfer torque (STT) requires more current in a system in the presence of DMI than switching a typical ferromagnet of the same dimensions and perpendicular magnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-10-11 Dhritiman Bhattacharya , Md. Mamun Al-Rashid , Jayasimha Atulasimha

Spin-orbit torques (SOT) provide a versatile tool to manipulate the magnetization of diverse classes of materials and devices using electric currents, leading to novel spintronic memory and computing approaches. In parallel to spin transfer…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-07-26 Viola Krizakova , Manu Perumkunnil , Sebastien Couet , Pietro Gambardella , Kevin Garello

Spin Orbit Torque-Magnetic Random Access Memory (SOT-MRAM) is being developed as a successor to the Spin transfer torque MRAM (STT-MRAM) owing to its superior performance on the metrics of reliability and read-write speed. SOT switching of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Akanksha Chouhan , Heston A. Mendonca , Abhishek Erram , Ashwin A. Tulapurkar

Magnetic heterostructures that combine large spin-orbit torque efficiency, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and low resistivity are key to develop electrically-controlled memory and logic devices. Here we report on vector measurements of…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-01-10 Abhijit Ghosh , Kevin Garello , Can Onur Avci , Mihai Gabureac , Pietro Gambardella

Spintronics-based nonvolatile components in neuromorphic circuits offer the possibility of realizing novel functionalities at low power. Current-controlled electrical switching of magnetization is actively researched in this context.…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-01-10 A. S. Goossens , M. A. T. Leiviskä , T. Banerjee

We propose a method for inducing magnetization reversal using an AC spin current polarized perpendicular to the equilibrium magnetization of the free magnetic layer. We show that the critical AC spin current is significantly smaller than…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Tom Dunn , Alex Kamenev

Modern magnetic memory technology requires unconventional transverse spin current to achieve deterministic switching of perpendicular magnetization. Spin current in antiferromagnets (AFMs) has been long thought to be trivial as nonmagnets.…

While early magnetic memory designs relied on magnetization switching by locally generated magnetic fields, key insights in condensed matter physics later suggested the possibility to do it electrically. In the 1990s, Slonczewzki and Berger…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-11-01 Albert Fert , Ramamoorthy Ramesh , Vincent Garcia , Fèlix Casanova , Manuel Bibes