Related papers: Complex Langevin: Correctness criteria, boundary t…
As is well known the Complex Langevin (CL) method sometimes fails to converge or converges to the wrong limit. We identified one reason for this long ago: insufficient decay of the probability density either near infinity or near poles of…
One reason for the well known fact that the Complex Langevin (CL) method sometimes fails to converge or converges to the wrong limit has been identified long ago: it is insufficient decay of the probability density either near infinity or…
The method of complex Langevin simulations is a tool that can be used to tackle the complex-action problem encountered, for instance, in finite-density lattice quantum chromodynamics or real-time lattice field theories. The method is based…
In complex Langevin simulations, the insufficient decay of the probability density near infinity leads to boundary terms that spoil the formal argument for correctness. We present a formulation of this term that is cheaply measurable in…
The complex Langevin approach is a promising method for the numerical treatment of systems with a sign problem, for which conventional lattice field theory techniques based on importance sampling cannot be applied. However, complex Langevin…
In the landscape of approaches toward the simulation of Lattice Models with complex action the Complex Langevin (CL) appears as a straightforward method with a simple, well defined setup. Its applicability, however, is controlled by certain…
Complex Langevin simulations are an attempt to solve the sign (or complex-action) problem encountered in various physical systems of interest. The method is based on a complexification of the underlying degrees of freedom and an evolution…
The complex Langevin method (CLM) provides a promising way to perform the path integral with a complex action using a stochastic equation for complexified dynamical variables. It is known, however, that the method gives wrong results in…
Recently the complex Langevin method (CLM) has been attracting attention as a solution to the sign problem, which occurs in Monte Carlo calculations when the effective Boltzmann weight is not real positive. An undesirable feature of the…
We study the utility of a complex Langevin (CL) equation as an alternative for the Monte Carlo (MC) procedure in the evaluation of expectation values occurring in fermionic many-body problems. We find that a CL approach is natural in cases…
The complex Langevin method is a general method to treat systems with complex action, such as QCD at nonzero density. The formal justification relies on the absence of certain boundary terms, both at infinity and at the unavoidable poles of…
The complex Langevin method is a leading candidate for solving the sign problem occurring in various physical situations, notably QCD at finite chemical potential. Its most vexing problem is `convergence to the wrong limit', where the…
We derive a family of correctness conditions for complex Langevin simulations. In particular, we show that if in a given theory the expectation values of all observables within a particular space satisfy the theory's Schwinger-Dyson…
Complex Langevin (CL) is a computational method to circumvent the numerical sign problem with applications in finite-density quantum chromodynamics and the real-time dynamics of quantum field theories. It has long been known that, depending…
The Complex Langevin (CL) method sometimes shows convergence to the wrong limit, even though the Schwinger-Dyson Equations (SDE) are fulfilled. We analyze this problem in a more general context for the case of one complex variable. We prove…
The chemical Langevin equation (CLE) is a popular simulation method to probe the stochastic dynamics of chemical systems. The CLE's main disadvantage is its break down in finite time due to the problem of evaluating square roots of negative…
In this review we present the current state-of-the-art on complex Langevin simulations and their implications for the QCD phase diagram. After a short summary of the complex Langevin method, we present and discuss recent developments. Here…
The complex Langevin (CL) method is a classical numerical strategy to alleviate the numerical sign problem in the computation of lattice field theories. Mathematically, it is a simple numerical tool to compute a wide class of…
We introduce a projected complex Langevin (CL) numerical sampling method -- a fictitious Langevin dynamics scheme that uses numerical projection to sample a constrained stationary distribution with highly oscillatory character. Despite the…
Statistical sampling with the complex Langevin (CL) equation is applied to (0+1)-dimensional Thirring model, and its uniform-field variant, at finite fermion chemical potential $\mu$. The CL simulation reproduces a crossover behavior which…