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Exotic singular objects, known as exceptional points, are ubiquitous in non-Hermitian physics. They might be spectral singularities in energy bands that produce anomalous effects and defectiveness. The quantum entanglement of a generic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-19 Wei-Zhu Yi , Yong-Ju Hai , Rong Xiao , Wei-Qiang Chen

Exceptional points (EPs) -- singularities in the parameter space of non-Hermitian systems where two nearby eigenmodes coalesce -- feature unique properties with applications such as sensitivity enhancement and chiral emission. Existing…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-08 Xingwei Gao , Hao He , Scott Sobolewski , Alexander Cerjan , Chia Wei Hsu

The genesis of lasing, as an evolution of the laser hybrid eigenstates comprised of electromagnetic modes and atomic polarization, is considered. It is shown that the start of coherent generation at the laser threshold is preceded by the…

Spectral degeneracies (dubbed nodal points in momentum space) play fundamental roles in understanding exotic properties of light and matter. In lattice systems, unpaired band-structure degeneracies are subject to well-established no-go…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 Kunkun Wang , J. Lukas K. König , Kang Yang , Lei Xiao , Wei Yi , Emil J. Bergholtz , Peng Xue

Higher-order exceptional points (EPs), which appear as multifold degeneracies in the spectra of non-Hermitian systems, are garnering extensive attention in various multidisciplinary fields. However, constructing higher-order EPs still…

Exceptional points (EPs) are special spectral degeneracies of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians governing the dynamics of open systems. At the EP two or more eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenstates coalesce. Recently, it has been proposed…

Optics · Physics 2020-02-19 Yu-Hung Lai , Yu-Kun Lu , Myoung-Gyun Suh , Kerry Vahala

One of the most intriguing topological features of open systems is exhibiting exceptional point (EP) singularities. Apart from the widely explored second-order EPs (EP2s), the explorations of higher-order EPs in any system requires more…

Optics · Physics 2020-07-01 Arnab Laha , Dinesh Beniwal , Sibnath Dey , Abhijit Biswas , Somnath Ghosh

The emergence of exceptional points in non-Hermitian systems represents an intriguing phenomenon characterized by the coalescence of eigenenergies and eigenstates. When a system approaches an exceptional point, it exhibits a heightened…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Shu-Xuan Wang , Zhongbo Yan

Systems operating at exceptional points (EPs) are highly responsive to small perturbations, making them suitable for sensing applications. Although this feature impedes the system working exactly at an EP due to imperfections arising during…

Optics · Physics 2024-01-19 Shahab Ramezanpour

A main distinguishing feature of non-Hermitian quantum mechanics is the presence of exceptional points (EPs). They correspond to the coalescence of two energy levels and their respective eigenvectors. Here, we use the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-10-12 Milan Šindelka , Lea F. Santos , Nimrod Moiseyev

The heightened sensitivity observed in non-Hermitian systems at exceptional points (EPs) has garnered significant attention. Typical EP sensor implementations rely on precise measurements of spectra and importantly, for real time sensing…

Optics · Physics 2023-10-18 Parul Sharma , Brijesh Kumar , Nihar Ranjan Sahoo , Anshuman Kumar

The existence of exceptional points (EPs) ${-}$ where both eigenvalues and eigenvectors converge ${-}$ is a key characteristic of non-Hermitian physics. A newly-discovered class of magnets ${-}$ termed as altermagnets (AMs) ${-}$ are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-12-04 Md Afsar Reja , Awadhesh Narayan

Quantum physics can be extended into the complex domain by considering non-Hermitian Hamiltonians that are $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric. These exhibit exceptional points (EPs) where the eigenspectrum changes from purely real to purely imaginary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Jia-Jia Wang , Yu-Hong He , Chang-Geng Liao , Rong-Xin Chen , Jacob A. Dunningham

Up to these days, the popular PT-symmetric imaginary cubic oscillator did not find any consistent probabilistic quantum-mechanical interpretation because its Hamiltonian has been shown, by mathematicians, intrinsic-exceptional-point (IEP)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Miloslav Znojil

Exceptional point (EP) associated with eigenstates coalescence in non-Hermitian systems has many exotic features. The EPs are generally sensitive to system parameters, here we report symmetry protected isolated EPs in the Brillouin zone…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-07 S. Lin , L. Jin , Z. Song

We discuss the topology of Bogoliubov excitation bands from a Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical lattice. Since the Bogoliubov equation for a bosonic system is non-Hermitian, complex eigenvalues often appear and induce dynamical…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2020-01-29 Terumichi Ohashi , Shingo Kobayashi , Yuki Kawaguchi

An efficient mass sensor based on exceptional points (EPs), engineered under synthetic magnetism requirement, is proposed. The benchmark system consists of an electromechanical (optomechanical) system where an electric (optical) field is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-02-09 S. R. Mbokop Tchounda , P. Djorwé , S. G. Nana Engo , B. Djafari-Rouhani

We show how an exceptional point of degeneracy (EPD) is formed in a system composed of an electron beam interacting with an electromagnetic mode guided in a slow wave structure (SWS) with distributed power extraction from the interaction…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-07-29 Tarek Mealy , Ahmed F. Abdelshafy , Filippo Capolino

We show that arbitrarily high-order exceptional points (EPs) can be achieved in a repulsively interacting two-species Bose gas in one dimension. By exactly solving the non-Hermitian two-boson problem, we demonstrate the existence of…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2019-01-23 Lei Pan , Shu Chen , Xiaoling Cui

We investigate the existence of higher order exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems, and show that $\mu$-fold EPs are stable in $\mu-1$ dimensions in the presence of anti-unitary symmetries that are local in parameter space, such…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-10-27 Pierre Delplace , Tsuneya Yoshida , Yasuhiro Hatsugai