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The input to the $k$-median for lines problem is a set $L$ of $n$ lines in $\mathbb{R}^d$, and the goal is to compute a set of $k$ centers (points) in $\mathbb{R}^d$ that minimizes the sum of squared distances over every line in $L$ and its…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Yair Marom , Dan Feldman

We study beyond worst case analysis for the $k$-means problem where the goal is to model typical instances of $k$-means arising in practice. Existing theoretical approaches provide guarantees under certain assumptions on the optimal…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Poojan Shah , Shashwat Agrawal , Ragesh Jaiswal

Given a set of points, clustering consists of finding a partition of a point set into $k$ clusters such that the center to which a point is assigned is as close as possible. Most commonly, centers are points themselves, which leads to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Maria Sofia Bucarelli , Matilde Fjeldsø Larsen , Chris Schwiegelshohn , Mads Bech Toftrup

The $k$-median and $k$-means clustering objectives are classic objectives for modeling clustering in a metric space. Given a set of points in a metric space, the goal of the $k$-median (resp. $k$-means) problem is to find $k$ representative…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Vincent Cohen-Addad , Karthik C. S. , David Saulpic , Chris Schwiegelshohn

Over half a century old and showing no signs of aging, k-means remains one of the most popular data processing algorithms. As is well-known, a proper initialization of k-means is crucial for obtaining a good final solution. The recently…

Databases · Computer Science 2012-03-30 Bahman Bahmani , Benjamin Moseley , Andrea Vattani , Ravi Kumar , Sergei Vassilvitskii

Given a data set of size $n$ in $d'$-dimensional Euclidean space, the $k$-means problem asks for a set of $k$ points (called centers) so that the sum of the $\ell_2^2$-distances between points of a given data set of size $n$ and the set of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Anamay Chaturvedi , Matthew Jones , Huy L. Nguyen

We prove in this paper that the expected value of the objective function of the $k$-means++ algorithm for samples converges to population expected value. As $k$-means++, for samples, provides with constant factor approximation for $k$-means…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-22 Mieczysław A. Kłopotek

We study in this paper the problem of maintaining a solution to $k$-median and $k$-means clustering in a fully dynamic setting. To do so, we present an algorithm to efficiently maintain a coreset, a compressed version of the dataset, that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Max Dupré la Tour , Monika Henzinger , David Saulpic

Clustering is a fundamental problem in unsupervised machine learning with many applications in data analysis. Popular clustering algorithms such as Lloyd's algorithm and $k$-means++ can take $\Omega(ndk)$ time when clustering $n$ points in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Moses Charikar , Monika Henzinger , Lunjia Hu , Maxmilian Vötsch , Erik Waingarten

We study the $k$-means problem for a set $\mathcal{S} \subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$ of $n$ segments, aiming to find $k$ centers $X \subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$ that minimize $D(\mathcal{S},X) := \sum_{S \in \mathcal{S}} \min_{x \in X} D(S,x)$, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 David Denisov , Shlomi Dolev , Dan Felmdan , Michael Segal

$k$-means clustering is NP-hard in the worst case but previous work has shown efficient algorithms assuming the optimal $k$-means clusters are \emph{stable} under additive or multiplicative perturbation of data. This has two caveats. First,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Amit Deshpande , Anand Louis , Apoorv Vikram Singh

This thesis aims to invent new approaches for making inferences with the k-means algorithm. k-means is an iterative clustering algorithm that randomly assigns k centroids, then assigns data points to the nearest centroid, and updates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Alfred K. Adzika , Prudence Djagba

Clustering stands as one of the most prominent challenges in unsupervised machine learning. Among centroid-based methods, the classic $k$-means algorithm, based on Lloyd's heuristic, is widely used. Nonetheless, it is a well-known fact that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-30 Supratik Basu , Jyotishka Ray Choudhury , Debolina Paul , Swagatam Das

The k-means algorithm is a well-known method for partitioning n points that lie in the d-dimensional space into k clusters. Its main features are simplicity and speed in practice. Theoretically, however, the best known upper bound on its…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2008-12-03 Andrea Vattani

The k-means++ seeding algorithm is one of the most popular algorithms that is used for finding the initial $k$ centers when using the k-means heuristic. The algorithm is a simple sampling procedure and can be described as follows: Pick the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-01-15 Anup Bhattacharya , Ragesh Jaiswal , Nir Ailon

k-means is a widely used clustering algorithm, but for $k$ clusters and a dataset size of $N$, each iteration of Lloyd's algorithm costs $O(kN)$ time. Although there are existing techniques to accelerate single Lloyd iterations, none of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-01-18 Ryan R. Curtin

We consider the popular $k$-means problem in $d$-dimensional Euclidean space. Recently Friggstad, Rezapour, Salavatipour [FOCS'16] and Cohen-Addad, Klein, Mathieu [FOCS'16] showed that the standard local search algorithm yields a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-30 Vincent Cohen-Addad

One of the most popular clustering algorithms is the celebrated $D^\alpha$ seeding algorithm (also know as $k$-means++ when $\alpha=2$) by Arthur and Vassilvitskii (2007), who showed that it guarantees in expectation an $O(2^{2\alpha}\cdot…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Etienne Bamas , Sai Ganesh Nagarajan , Ola Svensson

$\renewcommand{\Re}{{\rm I\!\hspace{-0.025em} R}} \newcommand{\eps}{{\varepsilon}} \newcommand{\Coreset}{{\mathcal{S}}} $ In this paper, we show the existence of small coresets for the problems of computing $k$-median and $k$-means…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Sariel Har-Peled , Soham Mazumdar

Due to the progressive growth of the amount of data available in a wide variety of scientific fields, it has become more difficult to ma- nipulate and analyze such information. Even though datasets have grown in size, the K-means algorithm…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-05-11 Marco Capó , Aritz Pérez , José Antonio Lozano